Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical outcomes and placental pathology of pregnant women and their infants: A systematic review

Oltean, Irina; Tran, Jason; Lawrence, Sarah; Ruschkowski, Brittany Ann; Zeng, Na; Bardwell, Cameron; Nasr, Youssef; Nanassy, Joseph de; Demellawy, Dina El

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06393

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“… [1] Numerous studies have been published on health complications of COVID-19, including studies on the physical and mental effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy. [2] , [3] , [4] The decreased lung volume with fetal growth, along with the physiological prenatal maternal immunological response suppression, [5] may cause severe COVID-19 expression among pregnant women. [6] , [7]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy outcomes

Wainstock

Yoles

Sergienko

et al. 2021

Vaccine

125

167

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Background Prenatal maternal physiological changes may cause severe COVID-19 among pregnant women. The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2 mRNA) has been shown to be highly effective and it is recommended for individuals aged ≥16 years, including pregnant women, although the vaccine has not been tested on the latter. Objective To study the association between prenatal Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination, pregnancy course and outcomes. Study design: A retrospective cohort study was performed, including all women who delivered between January and June 2021 at Soroka University Medical Center, the largest birth center in Israel. Excluded were women diagnosed with COVID-19 in the past, multiple gestations or unknown vaccination status. Pregnancy, delivery and newborn complications were compared between women who received 1 or 2-dose vaccines during pregnancy and unvaccinated women. Multivariable models were used to adjust for background characteristics. Results A total of 4,399 women participated in this study, 913 (20.8%) of which were vaccinated during pregnancy. All vaccinations occurred during second or third trimesters. As compared to the unvaccinated women, vaccinated women were older, more likely to conceive following fertility treatments, to have sufficient prenatal care, and of higher socioeconomic position. In both crude and multivariable analyses, no differences were found between the groups in pregnancy, delivery and newborn complications, including gestational age at delivery, incidence of small for gestational age and newborn respiratory complications. Conclusions Prenatal maternal COVID-19 vaccine has no adverse effects on pregnancy course and outcomes. These findings may help pregnant women and health care providers to make informed decision regarding vaccination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy outcomes

Wainstock

Yoles

Sergienko

et al. 2021

Vaccine

125

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Newborns mortality was reported in 50 SRs, [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 73 , 74 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 84 , 85 , 87 ] and varied from 0% to 11.7% among the included reviews.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

Musa

Bello

Zhao

et al. 2021

Viruses

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The COVID-19 pandemic has hugely impacted global public health and economy. The COVID-19 has also shown potential impacts on maternal perinatal and neonatal outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence from existing systematic reviews about the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections on maternal perinatal and neonatal outcomes. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, from 1 December 2019 to 7 July 2021, for published review studies that included case reports, primary studies, clinical practice guidelines, overviews, case-control studies, and observational studies. Systematic reviews that reported the plausibility of mother-to-child transmission of COVID-19 (also known as vertical transmission), maternal perinatal and neonatal outcomes, and review studies that addressed the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy were also included. We identified 947 citations, of which 69 studies were included for further analysis. Most (> 70%) of the mother-to-child infection was likely due to environmental exposure, although a significant proportion (about 20%) was attributable to potential vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Further results of the review indicated that the mode of delivery of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 could not increase or decrease the risk of infection for the newborns (outcomes), thereby emphasizing the significance of breastfeeding. The issue of maternal perinatal and neonatal outcomes with SARS-CoV-2 infection continues to worsen during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, increasing maternal and neonatal mortality, stillbirth, ruptured ectopic pregnancies, and maternal depression. Based on this study, we observed increasing rates of cesarean delivery from mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also found that SARS-CoV-2 could be potentially transmitted vertically during the gestation period. However, more data are needed to further investigate and follow-up, especially with reports of newborns infected with SARS-CoV-2, in order to examine a possible long-term adverse effect.

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“…nasopharyngeal tests after birth (19). The virus was also detected in the cord blood and placenta and fecal or rectal swabs of neonates.…”

Section: Figure 1 Modes Of Transmission To Babies Infants and Childrenmentioning

confidence: 91%