Impact of Santiago de Chile urban atmospheric pollution on anthropogenic trace elements enrichment in snow precipitation at Cerro Colorado, Central Andes

Cereceda-Balic, Francisco; Palomo-Marín, M.R.; Bernalte, Elena; Vidal, Víctor; Christie, J.; Fadic, Ximena; Guevara, Juan Luis; Miró, C.; Gil, Eduardo Pinilla

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.11.045

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Salt Lake City, Utah; Boise, Idaho; Reno, Nevada) and physiographically similar regions worldwide (e.g. Santiago, Chile; Chen et al, 2012;Cereceda-Balic et al, 2012). Cold air pools associated with elevated PM 2.5 also occur in nonmountainous regions over shorter timescales (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of anthropogenic emissions and cold air pools on urban to montane gradients of snowpack ion concentrations in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah

Hall

Hoch

Taylor

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of anthropogenic emissions and cold air pools on urban to montane gradients of snowpack ion concentrations in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah

Hall

Hoch

Taylor

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Another source of vehicular pollution at high altitudes is associated with the mining industry, as has been demonstrated by Cereceda-Balic et al (2012), but again, the sources are high up within the Andes and do not originate in the lowlands where the large urban centers are located.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from Cereceda-Balic et al (2012) suggest that anthropogenic activities could be impacting the cryosphere in the Chilean Andes. Some recent measurements in the Peruvian Andes have reported increased concentrations of BC downwind of medium-sized urban areas located at an altitude (approximately 1500 m) lower than the sampled glaciers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Transport of Urban Pollution in an Andean Mountain Valley

Cordova

Arevalo

Marı́n

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Urban pollution can often impact surrounding, non-urban regions, through advection and dispersal of pollutants by the prevailing winds. Urban regions located upstream of high mountains, such as the Andes, can potentially impact the cryosphere by deposition of particles onto the surface of the snowpack and glaciers.Santiago, the capital of Chile, has more than 6 million inhabitants and regularly experiences episodes of severe pollution, particularly during the austral winter. Some studies have hypothesized that particle pollution from Santiago can reach the cryosphere downwind of the city, but the scarcity of measurements made high in the mountains prevents the validation of mesoscale models so the proof of actual impact remains elusive. A research project was designed to provide some insight into this question. The Pollution Impact on Snow in the Cordillera -Experiments and Simulations (PISCES) project was carried out in 2014 and includes both observational and modeling components. A five-week field campaign was conducted at the end of winter, at an elevated site in a mountain valley, 65 km to the southeast of the center of Santiago, to characterize some aspects of particulate pollution.During synoptic conditions that result in clear days at the site, the mesoscale mountain-valley circulation is effective in transporting pollutants upwards during the day, leading to diluted particle concentrations beyond the summits of the highest peaks. Cloudy days with reduced up-valley circulation do not show increased concentrations associated with transport. Back trajectories indicate that air masses reaching the site during the field campaign are seldom influenced by pollution from Santiago.

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“…With respect to the deposition of light-absorbing aerosols on the Andean cryosphere, various modeling studies, ice core, snow, and firn analyses, and short-term measuring campaigns have addressed longand short-range transport of BB, and also of urban and wood-burning aerosols [Kesselmeier et al, 2009;Vimeux et al, 2009;Pereira et al, 2011;Cereceda-Balic et al, 2012;Rosário et al, 2013;Mena-Carrasco et al, 2014]. Early signs of the impacts of these aerosols are manifesting themselves on the Andean cryosphere [Uglietti et al, 2015].…”

Section: 1002/2015ef000311mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several ice core and firn analyses clearly show the presence of anthropogenic tracers on the high Andes [Bolius et al, 2006;Eichler et al, 2015]. However, the potential impact of BC on the Andes snowpack and glaciers has been explored only sporadically by means of measurements [Cereceda-Balic et al, 2012;Jenk et al, 2013;Schmitt et al, 2015], precluding identifying the relative importance of BC and dust in explaining the accelerated retreat of snow and glaciers along the Andes. There are two pathways by which BC and dust can affect the surface of snow and ice: directly by dry deposition or indirectly by wet deposition.…”

Section: Measurements Of Bc and Dust Deposits Onto Snowpack And Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution and its Impacts on the South American Cryosphere

et al. 2015

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This article is a review of the science goals and activities initiated within the framework of the Pollution and its Impacts on the South American Cryosphere (PISAC) initiative. Air pollution associated with biomass burning and urban emissions affects extensive areas of South America. We focus on black carbon (BC) aerosol and its impacts on air quality, water availability, and climate, with an emphasis on the Andean cryosphere. BC is one of the key short-lived climate pollutants that is a topic of growing interest for near-term mitigation of these issues. Limited scientific evidence indicates that the Andean cryosphere has already responded to climate change with receding glaciers and snow cover, which directly affect water resources, agriculture, and energy production in the Andean region of South America. Despite the paucity of systematic observations along the Andes, a few studies have detected BC on snow and glaciers in the Andes. These, in addition to existing and projected emissions and weather patterns, suggest a possible contribution of BC to the observed retreat of the Andean cryosphere. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of these issues from scientific and policy perspectives, and propose strategic expansions to the relevant measurement infrastructure in the region.

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Impact of Santiago de Chile urban atmospheric pollution on anthropogenic trace elements enrichment in snow precipitation at Cerro Colorado, Central Andes

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Impacts of anthropogenic emissions and cold air pools on urban to montane gradients of snowpack ion concentrations in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah

Impacts of anthropogenic emissions and cold air pools on urban to montane gradients of snowpack ion concentrations in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah

On the Transport of Urban Pollution in an Andean Mountain Valley

Pollution and its Impacts on the South American Cryosphere

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