Impact of respiratory protective devices on respiration: Implications for panic vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Perna, Giampaolo; Cuniberti, Francesco; Daccò, Silvia; Nobile, Maria; Caldirola, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.015

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In claustrophobia, the anxiety is localized leaving the other psycho-behavioral fields free. Respiratory protective devices (RPDs) may cause respiratory discomfort in panic-prone individuals [ 17 ]. Furthermore, anxiety may develop to coronaphobia which is associated with avoidance of public places and events [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Contributory Factors For Psychological Effects Of Covid-19 Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster management of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a suboptimal response to this threatening global disaster, including the response to the psychological impact. Both the economic hardship and the continuous media coverage of alarming news have exacerbated this effect which also includes increased domestic violence. Aim To address this important aspect of disaster management and provide recommendations on how to mitigate these effects. Methods This is a narrative review written by three experts in community medicine, disaster medicine and psychiatry reflecting the interdisciplinary approach in managing disasters. Selected important papers, personal published papers, PUBMED articles and media news related to the disaster management of the psychological effects of COVID-19 pandemic were collected over the last year, critically appraised and used in writing this manuscript. Results The COVID-19 pandemic causes major emotional distress. Lack of effective treatments and availability of the current vaccines for this virus increases the fear of being infected and infecting others. Negative emotions are common and are related to adjustment but may progress in the long term to anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress syndrome. The COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on mental health. The most common distress reactions include anxiety, insomnia, perception of insecurity, anger, fear of illness, and risky behaviors. Patients having mental disorders are vulnerable during the pandemic because of (1) somatic vulnerability, (2) cognitive and behavioral vulnerability, (3) psychosocial vulnerability, and (4) disruption to psychiatric care. Psychiatric wards, which are commonly separate from main hospitals, should be included in the disaster management plans. Acute care physicians carry the psychological and ethical impact of difficult triage decisions when ending the support of some patients to save others. A combination of fear and guilt may overcome normal human tolerance levels in vulnerable health workers. The moral injuries can be carried for a long time. Conclusions Addressing the psychological effects is an essential component of disaster management of infectious pandemics. This should be implemented through the whole spectrum of disaster management including preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery.

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Section: Contributory Factors For Psychological Effects Of Covid-19 Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster management of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021

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“…A review notably supports the idea that panic-prone individuals may be at higher risk of respiratory discomfort when wearing RPDs, thereby reducing their tolerance for these devices [55].…”

Section: Psychological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Side-Effects of Public Health Policies Against COVID-19: The Story of an Over-Reaction

Lansiaux¹,

Tchagaspanian²,

Arnaud³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Let us all take a moment to talk, once again, about this new coronavirus pandemic that the world has been facing since November 2019 and about its global response. After a short period marked by the pandemic underestimation risk by most governments, the Western world went nuts and overreacted, most probably so as not to be accused of inaction. In many cases, the overall benefits of the chosen policies were not sufficiently questioned, which resulted in many side effects on global health .The medical motto “primum non nocere”, a moral principle everyone should at least consider following, was evidently not taken into account. It has been overlooked, and the virus has become an obsession, to the extent that nearly everything else, even the most valuable things in life, is still now under appreciated if not simply ignored. This review highlighted facts against this simplistic, one-dimensional view.

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“…It has been observed that despite high efficiency, N95 face masks reduce ventilation, cardiopulmonary exercise capacity, and comfort and lead to dizziness, reduced oxygen supply, and itchiness to wearer [ 41 ]. Studies have shown that wearing N95 or surgical masks has resulted in decrease in VO 2max emission as well as reduced ventilation, due to steady decrease in breathing frequency [ 42 ]. This added breathing resistance in the upper respiratory tract may also lead to disruption in lung functionality as well as increase the risk of cardiac arrest, as the study suggests [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Filtration Of Pms Using Ultrafine Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine PVDF Nanofibers for Filtration of Air-Borne Particulate Matters: A Comprehensive Review

Sanyal

Sinha-Ray

2021

Polymers

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The ongoing global pandemic has bestowed high priority uponthe separation of air-borne particulate matters (PMs), aerosols, etc. using nonwoven fibrous materials, especially for face masks as a means of personal protection. Although spunbond or meltblown nonwoven materials are amongst the forerunners for polymer microfiber-based face mask or air filter development in mass scale, relatively new process of nonwoven manufacturing such as electrospinning is gaining a lot of momentum amongst the filter membrane manufacturers for its scalability of nanofiber-based filter membrane fabrication. There are several nanofiber-based face masks developing industries, which claim a very high efficiency in filtration of particulate matters (PM0.1–10) as well as other aerosols for their products. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which is commonly known for its use of tactile sensors and energy harvesters, due to its piezoelectric property, is slowly gaining popularity among researchers and developers as an air filter material. Electrospun PVDF nanofibers can be as fine as 50 nm in mass scale, which allows the membrane to have large surface area compared to its volume, enhancing nanofiber–PM interaction. At the same time, the breathability index can be improved through these PVDF nanofiber membranes due to their architectural uniqueness that promotes slip flow around the fibers. The conductive nature of PVDF makes it advantageous as a promising electret filter allowing better capturing of ultrafine particles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of such PVDF nanofiber-based filter membranes and their roles in air filtration, especially its application in filtrate of air-borne PMs.

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Impact of respiratory protective devices on respiration: Implications for panic vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Disaster management of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Disaster management of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Side-Effects of Public Health Policies Against COVID-19: The Story of an Over-Reaction

Ultrafine PVDF Nanofibers for Filtration of Air-Borne Particulate Matters: A Comprehensive Review

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