Impact of reduced smoking rates on lung cancer screening programs in Japan

Hemmi, Osamu; Nomura, Y; Kojima, Hiroshi; Kakizoe, Tadao; Inoue, Manami

doi:10.1093/jjco/hyaa104

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…They also reported that smoking increased the lifetime risk of VFs by 13% and 32% in women and men, respectively. This study demonstrated a significant decrease in the smoking rate of older adults in accordance with the results of the National Health and Nutrition Survey, which showed a continuous decrease in the smoking rate in young and older adult Japanese populations [ 15 ]. Therefore, we speculated that a continuous decrease in the smoking rate in our cohort could be one of the factors that contributed to the decreasing prevalence of VFs in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Change in prevalence of vertebral fractures over two decades: a Japanese medical examination-based study

et al. 2022

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Introduction Although remarkable progress has been made in osteoporosis treatment over the last two decades, no study has reported the change in the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) during this time. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and pattern of VFs at three time points from 1997 to 2019 in a Japanese medical examination-based study. Materials and methods The participants of this study were inhabitants of a typical Japanese mountain village who participated in these surveys at three time points: 1997 (group A), 2009 or 2011 (group B), and 2019 (group C). The age- and sex-adjusted groups were defined as groups A’, B’, and C’, respectively (39 men and 85 women; mean age 73.6–74.0 years old). The type and extent of deformities of the prevalent fractures from T4 to L4 on the lateral thoracic and lumbar spine radiographs were semiquantitatively evaluated. Results The prevalence of VFs has significantly decreased over the past two decades. In group A, the percentages of thoracic level, biconcave type, and severe deformity of VFs were significantly higher than expected. The bone mineral density of the participants increased significantly over time. The treatment rate for osteoporosis in participants with osteoporosis has improved over the past two decades. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the prevalence of VFs has decreased, and the pattern of VFs has changed over the last two decades in a typical Japanese mountain village due to multifactorial improvements in skeletal fragility, including improvement in osteoporosis treatment rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Change in prevalence of vertebral fractures over two decades: a Japanese medical examination-based study

et al. 2022

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Survey on Findings and Utilization of Preoperative Chest Radiography in Ophthalmic Surgery

Kuroki,

Takamori,

Takahashi

et al. 2024

JCM

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Objective: The objective of this paper is to reconsider the significance of preoperative chest radiography (CXR) before ophthalmic surgery through investigation of imaging findings and usage status. Methods: This retrospective observational clinical study involved 1616 patients who underwent ophthalmic surgery at Saga University Hospital from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020. The patients’ radiology reports were obtained from the electronic medical records, and their CXR findings, therapeutic interventions, and progress were investigated. Results: Among all patients, 539 (33.4%) had abnormal preoperative CXR findings. Of these patients, 74 (4.6%) had newly identified abnormal findings. In both patient groups, approximately 70% of patients with abnormal findings were aged ≥70 years, and interstitial shadows were the most common finding. Among all patients with abnormal findings, three (0.19%) received preoperative therapeutic interventions, and all surgeries were performed safely. Forty-three patients with abnormal findings were referred to our hospital or other hospitals for further investigation and treatment postoperatively. Among those patients, eight (0.5%) had primary lung cancer, seven underwent surgery, and one received chemoradiation. The other patients were also followed up and received appropriate therapeutic interventions. Conclusions: Before ophthalmic surgery, few patients required actual therapeutic interventions based on their CXR results. However, many abnormal findings were revealed in elderly patients, including some serious diseases. Furthermore, research has suggested that appropriate therapeutic intervention after ophthalmologic surgery may reduce the risk of a poor life prognosis. This study clearly shows that preoperative CXR is not only useful for perioperative systemic management but also ultimately benefits patients. It is also considered particularly meaningful for patients aged ≥70 years.

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Impact of reduced smoking rates on lung cancer screening programs in Japan

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Change in prevalence of vertebral fractures over two decades: a Japanese medical examination-based study

Change in prevalence of vertebral fractures over two decades: a Japanese medical examination-based study

Survey on Findings and Utilization of Preoperative Chest Radiography in Ophthalmic Surgery

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