Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Emergency Medical Services Administration of Opioid Pain Medications for Injured Children

Nishijima, Daniel K.; Tancredi, Daniel J.; Adelgais, Kathleen; Chadha, Kunal; Harris, Matthew; Leonard, Julie C.; Lerner, E. Brooke; Linakis, Seth W; Lowe, Geoffrey; Magill, Christyn; Schwartz, Hamilton P.; Shah, Manish I.; Browne, Lorin R.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2022.10.011

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In North America, marginalized children are more likely to have their pain inadequately managed than privileged children [ 47 ]. For example, children of colour are less likely to receive opioid analgesics for their pain [ 21 , 22 , 48 , 49 ], and younger children are less likely to have their pain adequately managed for painful conditions than older children [ 25 ]. It is therefore essential that we better understand how data that indicates potential marginalization(s) are collected and what evidence currently exists on the subject.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pain experiences of marginalized children in the emergency department: A scoping review protocol

Kammerer,

Elliott,

Hartling

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Pain affects all children, and in hospitals across North America, this pain is often undertreated. Children who visit the emergency department (ED) experience similar undertreatment, and they will often experience a painful procedure as part of their diagnostic journey. Further, children and their caregivers who experience social injustices through marginalization are more likely to experience healthcare disparities in their pain management. Still, most of our knowledge about children’s pain management comes from research focused on well-educated, white children and caregivers from a middle- or upper-class background. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, map, and describe existing research on (a) how aspects of marginalization are documented in randomized controlled trials related to children’s pain and (b) to understand the pain treatment and experiences of marginalized children and their caregivers in the ED setting. Methods and analysis The review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews using the Participant, Concept, Context (PCC) framework and key terms related to children, youth, pain, ED, and aspects of marginalization. We will search Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Trials, iPortal, and Native Health Database for articles published in the last 10 years to identify records that meet our inclusion criteria. We will screen articles in a two-step process using two reviewers during the abstract and full-text screening stages. Data will be extracted using Covidence for data management and we will use a narrative approach to synthesize the data. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required for this review. Findings will be disseminated in academic manuscripts, at academic conferences, and with partners and knowledge users including funders of pain research and healthcare professionals. Results of this scoping review will inform subsequent quantitative and qualitative studies regarding pain experiences and treatment of marginalized children in the ED.

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