Impact of Pseudonym Changes on Geographic Routing in VANETs

Schoch, Elmar; Kargl, Frank; Leinmüller, Tim; Schlott, Stefan; Papadimitratos, Panos

doi:10.1007/11964254_6

Cited by 75 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The cost of deploying a mix-zone at any intersection can be a weighted sum of various factors, including the extra resource requirements of devices for mixing and the resulting communication disruption due to mixing at that intersection. We do not quantify these parameters in this work, but we can use existing results in the literature for representing these costs [48,36].…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, mix-zones incur significant overhead [48] and must be optimally placed (with appropriate parameters [35]) in order to reduce the cost induced on the end-users and to provide high location privacy (or high user-identifier de-correlation). The cost of deploying a mix-zone at any intersection can be a weighted sum of various factors, including the extra resource requirements of devices for mixing and the resulting communication disruption due to mixing at that intersection.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cost is determined by factors such as the significance of the intersection (at which a mix-zone is located) to users and the network, traffic intensity at the intersection (both entering and leaving) and intersection context, for example, time-of-day. This cost is primarily due to the communication loss caused by routing disruptions [48] or silent periods [34] and the loss of computational resources, such as energy, caused by the pseudonym change operation itself and its related side-effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimizing mix-zone coverage in pervasive wireless networks1

Jadliwala

Bilogrevic

Hubaux

2013

JCS

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Location privacy is a major concern in pervasive networks where static device identifiers enable malicious eavesdroppers to continuously track users and their movements.In order to prevent such identifier-based tracking, devices could coordinate regular identifier change operations in special areas called mix-zones. Although mix-zones provide spatio-temporal de-correlation between old and new identifiers, depending on the position of the mix-zone, identifier changes can generate a substantial inconvenience (or "cost") to the users in terms of lost communications and increased energy consumption. In this paper, we address this trade-off between privacy and cost by studying the problem of determining an optimal set of mix-zones such that the degree of mixing in the network is maximized and the overall network-wide mixing cost is minimized.We follow a graph-theoretic approach and model the optimal mixing problem as a generalization of the vertex cover problem, called the Mix Cover (MC) problem. We propose three approximation algorithms for the MC problem and derive a lower bound on the solution quality guaranteed by them. Additionally, we outline two other heuristics for solving the MC problem. These heuristics are simple, but do not provide any guarantees on the solution quality. By means of extensive empirical evaluation using real data, we compare the performance and solution quality of these algorithms. The combinatorics-based approach used in this work enables us to study the feasibility of determining optimal mix-zones regularly and under dynamic network conditions.

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Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing mix-zone coverage in pervasive wireless networks1

Jadliwala

Bilogrevic

Hubaux

2013

JCS

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“…However, although, it is beneficial for location privacy, the changing of the pseudonyms with high frequency has a negative impact on VANET's applications. Schoch et al (2006) showed that the changing of the pseudonyms with a frequency less than 30 s may lead to serious loss of packets on geographic routing. In addition, the high frequency of the changing of the pseudonyms increases the number of pseudonyms needed by a vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban pseudonym changing strategy for location privacy in VANETs

Boualouache

Moussaoui

2017

IJAHUC

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The development of an effective pseudonym changing strategy to protect the location privacy of the vehicular adhoc network's (VANET's) users is still an open problem in the literature. In this paper, we first propose a comparison between the existing pseudonym changing strategies. This comparison is based on their effectiveness to prevent the pseudonyms linking attacks and based on the costs involved in changing a pseudonym. We also propose a new pseudonym changing strategy adapted for the urban environment, called urban pseudonym changing strategy (UPCS). UPCS is based on the construction of silent mix zones (SMs) at signalised intersections. UPCS can be configured to use either pseudonyms changing technique or pseudonyms exchanging technique inside these SMs. The analyses show a good level of prevention against the pseudonyms linking attacks. The performances are evaluated in various vehicular scenarios. The obtained results show high levels of location privacy protection can be achieved using UPCS with pseudonyms changing configuration.

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“…Furthermore, privacy does not come for free. Privacy-protection mechanisms usually have side-effects in terms of communication and computation overhead [7] and deployment cost. In addition, privacy requirements are among a set of requirements for vehicular communication systems [29], which are sometimes conflicting, e.g., the need for strong identification for authentication and accountability versus the need for anonymity for privacy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring long-term location privacy in vehicular communication systems

Kargl

Weber

2010

Computer Communications

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a b s t r a c t Vehicular communication systems are an emerging form of communication that enables new ways of cooperation among vehicles, traffic operators, and service providers. However, many vehicular applications rely on continuous and detailed location information of the vehicles, which has the potential to infringe the users' location privacy. A multitude of privacy-protection mechanisms have been proposed in recent years. However, few efforts have been made to develop privacy metrics that can provide a quantitative way to assess the privacy risk, evaluate the effectiveness of a given privacy-enhanced design, and explore the full possibilities of protection methods.In this paper, we present a location privacy metric for measuring location privacy in vehicular communication systems. As computers do not forget and most drivers of motor vehicles follow certain daily driving patterns, if a user's location information is gathered and stored over a period of time, e.g., weeks or months, such cumulative information might be exploited by an adversary performing a location privacy attack to gain useful information on the user's whereabouts. Thus to precisely reflect the underlying privacy values, in our approach we take into account the accumulated information. Specifically, we develop methods and algorithms to process, propagate, and reflect the accumulated information in the privacy measurements. The feasibility and correctness of our approaches are evaluated by various case studies and extensive simulations. Our results show that accumulated information, if available to an adversary, can have a significant impact on location privacy of the users of vehicular communication systems. The methods and algorithms developed in this paper provide detailed insights into location privacy and thus contribute to the development of future-proof, privacy-preserving vehicular communication systems.

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Impact of Pseudonym Changes on Geographic Routing in VANETs

Cited by 75 publications

References 9 publications

Optimizing mix-zone coverage in pervasive wireless networks1

Optimizing mix-zone coverage in pervasive wireless networks1

Urban pseudonym changing strategy for location privacy in VANETs

Measuring long-term location privacy in vehicular communication systems

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