Impact of Prematurity, Stress and Sepsis on the Neutrophil Respiratory Burst Activity of Neonates

Drossou, Vassiliki; Kanakoudi, F.; Tzimouli, Vassiliki; Sarafidis, Kosmas; Ταπάρκου, Άννα; Bougiouklis, Dimitrios; Petropoulou, Theoni; Kremenopoulos, George

doi:10.1159/000244485

Cited by 55 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Most of the groups demonstrated normal or even enhanced NRBA by neutrophils of term and preterm infants (9,17,39 -41), and a positive correlation to gestational age was observed (2). In contrast, other researchers depicted normal NRBA in healthy term neonates but diminished NRBA in both preterm infants and infected or stressed neonates (7,8,11,12). In our study, we excluded the influence of labor on the phagocyte function by analyzing fetal blood (25,26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Several qualitative deficiencies of phagocyte function were demonstrated earlier in preterm infants and stressed or septic neonates. The functional deficiencies comprised migration, phagocytosis, and bactericidal potency, for example, release of bactericidal/permeabilityincreasing protein (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). However, normal or even enhanced spontaneous neutrophil respiratory burst activity in term and preterm neonates was reported in other studies (16,17).…”

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confidence: 86%

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Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

et al. 2004

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Newborns and especially preterm infants show a unique susceptibility to severe bacterial infections that cause significant morbidity and mortality. As very few data are available on innate immune functions in human fetuses, we conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the expression of several adhesion molecules essentially involved in migration (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD18, and CD62L). Furthermore, phagocytic activity, generation of respiratory burst products, and production of several proinflammatory cytokines were assessed. Various functions of the fetal innate immune system were demonstrated to be essentially different from those observed in term neonates or adults. Expression of several surface markers was significantly diminished on fetal granulocytes. Furthermore, a significantly reduced phagocytic activity of fetal granulocytes and monocytes was found, contrasted by an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen products. In addition, we demonstrate that significant numbers of fetal monocytes are capable of the production of proinflammatory cytokines in response to stimulation. However, the pattern of cytokine production is different from the more mature individuals: the number of IL-6 -and tumor necrosis factor-␣-positive monocytes were significantly diminished, whereas more IL-8 -producing monocytes were found compared with adults. The results of our study add significantly to our understanding of the maturation and impairment of the innate immune response. Neonates, especially preterm infants, are prone to severe and overwhelming bacterial infection with substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite intensive supportive care and early use of antibiotics, the rate of morbidity and mortality caused by infections remains high (1). Although multiple factors contribute to this susceptibility, the immaturity of the innate immune system, especially production of phagocytes and several phagocyte functions (e.g. chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst, cytokine production) are of paramount importance (2,3). Evidence of this is provided by the pattern of infections closely resembling that seen in profound neutropenia (4). Depleted neutrophil storage pools and neutropenia were described to be associated with neonatal sepsis and are negative predictors of outcome (5,6). Several qualitative deficiencies of phagocyte function were demonstrated earlier in preterm infants and stressed or septic neonates. The functional deficiencies comprised migration, phagocytosis, and bactericidal potency, for example, release of bactericidal/permeabilityincreasing protein (7-15). However, normal or even enhanced spontaneous neutrophil respiratory burst activity in term and preterm neonates was reported in other studies (16,17). In contrast, little is known to date about the phagocytic and oxidative capacity as well as the adhesion molecule expression of fetal neutrophils and monocytes. The expression of several adhesion molecules essentially involved in migration was reported to be significantly impaired in neonates and to contri...

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confidence: 86%

Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

et al. 2004

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“…That is to say, neonates have a larger population of inactive phagocytic cells which can be detected through functional studies but which are not related to morphological immaturity ). This was supported by studies which showed neonates to have a larger population of non-motile cells in chemotaxis assays (Krause et al, 1986b(Krause et al, , 1989) and a higher percentage of cells that do not produce an oxidative respiratory burst when stimulated (Gessler et al, 1996;Drossou et al, 1997). However, this does not explain why the inactive cells are different.…”

Section: Conclusion and Therapeutic Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neutrophil Production and Function in Newborn Infants

Carr¹

2000

Br J Haematol

192

158

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“…Thus, we selected 28 healthy individuals for the comparative group, which could not be age matched. Previous studies have shown that the respiratory burst activity of leukocytes from children and adolescents does not differ significantly from that of adults (22,23). This similarity allowed us to compare the NADPH oxidase activity of leukocytes from children with asthma to measurements in healthy adult individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Superoxide release and cellular gluthatione peroxidase activity in leukocytes from children with persistent asthma

Marçal

Rehder

Newburger

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Asthma is an inflammatory condition characterized by the involvement of several mediators, including reactive oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the superoxide release and cellular glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) activity in peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes from children and adolescents with atopic asthma. Forty-four patients were selected and classified as having intermittent or persistent asthma (mild, moderate or severe). The spontaneous or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 30 nM)-induced superoxide release by granulocytes and monocytes was determined at 0, 5, 15, and 25 min. cGPx activity was assayed spectrophotometrically. The spontaneous superoxide release by granulocytes from patients with mild (N = 15), moderate (N = 12) or severe (N = 6) asthma was higher at 25 min compared to healthy individuals (N = 28, P < 0.05, Duncan test). The PMA-induced superoxide release by granulocytes from patients with moderate (N = 12) or severe (N = 6) asthma was higher at 15 and 25 min compared to healthy individuals (N = 28, P < 0.05 in both times of incubation, Duncan test). The spontaneous or PMA-induced superoxide release by monocytes from asthmatic patients was similar to healthy individuals (P > 0.05 in all times of incubation, Duncan test). cGPx activity of granulocytes and monocytes from patients with persistent asthma (N = 20) was also similar to healthy individuals (N = 10, P > 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). We conclude that, under specific circumstances, granulocytes from children with persistent asthma present a higher respiratory burst activity compared to healthy individuals. These findings indicate a risk of oxidative stress, phagocyte auto-oxidation, and the subsequent release of intracellular toxic oxidants and enzymes, leading to additional inflammation and lung damage in asthmatic children.

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Impact of Prematurity, Stress and Sepsis on the Neutrophil Respiratory Burst Activity of Neonates

Cited by 55 publications

References 24 publications

Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

Neutrophil Production and Function in Newborn Infants

Superoxide release and cellular gluthatione peroxidase activity in leukocytes from children with persistent asthma

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