Impact of pre-sowing treatment and sowing season on Douglas fir emergence rate in a specific seed lot

Martiník, Antonín; Palátová, E.; Houšková, Kateřina

doi:10.11118/actaun201361010147

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…These relatively short periods of higher temperatures apparently initiate the germination of seeds and their emergence. By contrast, low temperatures at early sowings may extend the process of cold stratification (Martiník et al 2013;Houšková et al 2014). This suggests that rather than by average temperature, the emergence rate of the tested seed lot is affected by the daily course of temperatures including maximal and minimal values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination and emergence response of specific Douglas fir seed lot to different temperatures and prechilling duration

2014

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ABSTRACT:One of the critical points of Douglas fir seedling production is to optimize the time of sowing and length of pre-sowing treatment. Germination and emergence of Douglas fir seed lot of the Czech origin (CZ-2-2A-DG-1740-6-3-P) were observed in simulated warm and cold conditions in two phytotrons for 3 months. Before this procedure the seeds were exposed to different prechilling duration. The temperature in control conditions of phytotrons was stable for 28 days and then it was increased: 11, 13, 17°C in cold phytotron and 13, 17, 20°C in the warm phytotron. Seeds without stratification and stratified for 3, 5, 7, 9 and 16 weeks were tested. The laboratory germination capacity of non-stratified seeds was only 58% and it was significantly (P < 0.05, Tukey's test) lower than in stratification treatments when it varied from 92% to 96%. Non-stratified seeds did not germinate in cold phytotron and they germinated very slowly (germination rate at the end of experiment was 7%) in warm phytotron. The germination capacity of seeds both in the phytotron and in the laboratory was observed in treatments with prechilling of seeds longer than 7 weeks in warm conditions and only for seeds after 16 weeks of prechilling in cold conditions. The highest emergence rate of seeds (84%) was found in the warm phytotron after 16 weeks of stratification. Comparable results were reached only for 9 weeks of stratification in the same phytotron. The results suggest that the prolongation of the standard 3-week prechilling period helps to increase germination capacity and emergence rate of seeds. Future research should focus on optimal length with regard to more seed lots and also on seedling quality parameters. JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 60, 2014 (7): 281-287From the aspect of forestry, Douglas fi r is considered a promising tree species for the region of Central Europe (Kenk, Ehring 1995;Kantor et al. 2001;Tauchman et al. 2010). In the region of the Czech Republic it is recommended to increase its share from 0.2 to 2-4% of the total stand area (Beran, Šindelá 1996; Kantor et al. 2010). On sites without seed-producing trees and in areas where Douglas fi r has not been present so far, artifi cial regeneration is necessary. One of the critical points in artifi cial regeneration of Douglas-fi r is a small yield of seedlings in nursery practice of the Czech Republic. From many aspects which infl uence the yield of Douglas fi r seedlings the presowing treatment seems to be important because the seeds exhibit dormancy (Heit 1968;Gosling, Peace 1990;Müller et al. 1999).Cold stratifi cation of seeds has a favourable eff ect on subsequent germination and shows an increase in total germination capacity, increased germination rate and extended range of temperatures at which the seeds germinate (Gosling 1988). Th e main prerequisite for successful stratifi cation is its suffi cient duration. According to Jones, Gosling (1994), short stratifi cation (2-6 weeks) of seeds with relative dormancy improves the germination capacity as well as the germ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination and emergence response of specific Douglas fir seed lot to different temperatures and prechilling duration

2014

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“…Previous analyses (Martiník et al 2013(Martiník et al , 2014a suggested that the option of 21 days of cold stratification of seeds (ISTA 2014, ČSN 48 1211:2006 recommended and applied in the field does not make full use of the seed potential. Although most of the filled seeds emerge during the growing season, the emergence rate is lower than that of seeds with extended stratification period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does prolonged stratification of Douglas fir influence the yield of seedlings?

Houšková¹,

Martiník²

2015

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The paper analyses the influence of an extended period of cold stratification on the germination capacity, emergence rate and yield of seedlings in the Douglas fir as well as on the morphological parameters of one-year-old seedlings. A total of ten seed lots were used for evaluating germination capacity, originating from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, France and the USA. Germination capacity, emergence rate and yield of seedlings were analysed for two seed lots of Czech provenance on seed beds in the settings of a forest tree nursery. Tested variants involved (a) no pre-sowing treatment, (b) seed stratified for 21 days, and (c) seed stratified for 49 days. The germination capacity of the stratified seed was higher than that of the control variant for all of the seed lots. The effect of the stratification period length was zero for both germination capacity and emergence rate. Differences were identified between the stratification variants as regards germination energy and emergence rate. For the control variant, seedling yield reached only 1% and 2%. For the stratified seed, yield of seedlings of two selected Czech provenances was 18% and 16% (variant 21) and 26% and 36% (variant 49). Differences in the morphological parameters of seedlings were not straightforward.

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“…One serious problem connected with artificial regeneration of this species is low yield of seedlings. Although there are more critical steps in nursery practice, in the case of Douglas fir, proper pre-sowing treatment, and also early microclimatic conditions are considered as the prevailing factors affecting the yield of seedlings (Heit, 1968;Martiník & Palátová, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…below 15 °C) will greatly reduce the germination capacity (Gosling, 1988;Bewley & Black, 1982). The extent of this dormancy depends on the provenance of Douglas fir seeds (Gosling & Peace, 1990;Dirr & Heuser, 2006;Martiník & Palátová, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of prolonged stratification and shading on the emergence of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco seedlings

Houšková¹,

Sendecký²,

Martiník³

2023

Dendrobiology

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The Douglas fir has been cultivated in Europe since the mid-19th century, but its artificial regeneration leads to a low yield of seedlings. It could be improved by prolonged pre-sowing treatment (cold stratification of seeds) or the early shading of sowings, so that their effect on five Douglas fir seed lots and their emergence and growth of seedlings were analysed. One lot came from the USA; four lots came from the Czech Republic. The germination capacity and germination rate were analysed for seed without pre-sowing treatment and seed after 21-day and 49-day stratification. The emergence rate was tested for variants of the 21-day and the 49-day stratification (shaded and unshaded treatment) and for autumn sowing (unshaded treatment). The results show that the maximal germination capacity of full seeds is achieved after the 21-day stratification. The prolonged 49-day stratification increases the germination rate, especially in seed lots with lower vitality. The biggest seedlings, in terms of length and biomass of the above-ground part and the biomass of the root system, emerged from seeds sown in autumn. The combination of the 49-day stratification of seeds and the 3-week shading after spring sowing can accelerate seedling emergence and increase the emergence rate of seedlings; seedlings achieve more biomass and length of the above-ground part, the root system compared to unshaded seedlings or seedlings emerged from 21-day stratified seeds. Comparable or better results were achieved from autumn sowing.

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Impact of pre-sowing treatment and sowing season on Douglas fir emergence rate in a specific seed lot

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Germination and emergence response of specific Douglas fir seed lot to different temperatures and prechilling duration

Germination and emergence response of specific Douglas fir seed lot to different temperatures and prechilling duration

Does prolonged stratification of Douglas fir influence the yield of seedlings?

The effect of prolonged stratification and shading on the emergence of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco seedlings

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