Impact of Power-Electronic Sources on Transmission Line Ground Fault Protection

Nagpal, M.; Henville, C.F.

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2017.2709279

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…• When 0 • < arg(Z s ) < 180 • , the impedance relationship still meets the operation criterion of impedance form in Equation (7). The fault component distance protection will operate correctly; however, the large magnitude of Z s decreases the sensitivity of the fault component distance protection.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Equivalent Impedance On the Pv Power Statmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, the fault-current characteristics of a PV power station are significantly different from that of a synchronous source. Therefore, the fault analysis and protection schemes used in synchronous source are not suitable for the transmission line connected to a PV power station [7][8][9]. Fault component distance protection offers the advantages of clear directionality, high-speed operation, and is not affected by the pre-fault load current, among others [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptability Analysis of Fault Component Distance Protection on Transmission Lines Connected to Photovoltaic Power Stations

Liang

Zha

et al. 2019

Energies

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Photovoltaic (PV) power stations tend to have a relatively weak infeed characteristic, unlike conventional synchronous generators. The limited overcurrent capability of power electronic devices and the controllability of grid-connected inverters mean that PV power stations will cause changes in the characteristics of faults on transmission lines. To analyze the adaptability of fault component distance protection on transmission lines connected to PV power stations, a unified phasor expression for the fault current of a PV power station side under various control strategies was deduced in this paper. This expression is then used to derive the equivalent impedance on the PV power station side and the additional impedance. The equivalent impedance and additional impedance are affected greatly by the active and reactive power commands, control targets, and fault conditions. These aspects of a PV power station may cause malfunctions, which can thereby reduce the reliability of fault component distance protection on transmission lines connected to PV power stations. A simulation model of a PV power station was established in PSCAD/EMTDC and the correctness of theoretical analysis was verified by the simulation results.

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Section: Characteristics Of Equivalent Impedance On the Pv Power Statmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptability Analysis of Fault Component Distance Protection on Transmission Lines Connected to Photovoltaic Power Stations

Liang

Zha

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…Some, phase balance relays use the negative sequence quantities to detect unbalanced faults. These relays will mis-operate if generation sources are inverter interfaced generation [38]. It has been shown that power swing blocking relays and out-of-step protection will mis-operate in the vicinity of wind-generation interfaced with inverters to the power system [39].…”

Section: E Impact On Existing Protection Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of converter-interfaced generation

Paolone

Gaunt

Guillaud

et al. 2020

Electric Power Systems Research

146

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This survey paper discusses the fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of large amounts of converter-interfaced generation (CIG). By referring to real-life events characterised by anomalous dynamics associated to the presence of CIG, the concepts of narrow versus broad band signals are first recalled along with the limitation of the meaning of apparent power, power factor and reactive power. In this regard, the adequacy of the phasor representation of voltages and currents waveforms is thoroughly discussed. Then, with respect to the central subject of control of power converters, a revised definition of grid-following and grid-forming converters is provided along with a thorough discussion of their associated controls and a comprehensive classification for both classes of converters. Several applications inspired by actual case studies are included in the paper in order to provide realistic application examples.

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“…However, unlike conventional synchronous sources, the fault current amplitude and phase angle for the photovoltaic power plants (PVPPs) are significantly influenced by the control system of the grid-connected inverters, fault resistance, and fault types [5][6][7][8]. Therefore, this may cause the malfunctioning of the traditional relay protection of the lines emanating from the PVPPs [9][10][11]. With the maturity of the inverter integration technology and the commissioning of large-scale PVPPs, investigation of the impact of PVPPs on traditional relay protection exhibits considerable significance with respect to power grids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Problem of Current Differential Protection of Lines Emanating from Photovoltaic Power Plants

Liang

2020

Sustainability

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The amplitude and phase angle of the fault current in photovoltaic power plants (PVPPs) are significantly influenced by the control system of the grid-connected inverters, unlike in a conventional synchronous source. Hence, PVPPs may adversely affect the performance of the current differential protection designed for synchronous sources-based power grids. In order to study the performance problem of current differential protection on AC transmission lines, an analytical expression of the fault current in the PVPPs was deduced, and the fault current characteristic was extensively analyzed. Based on this analysis, the ratio of differential current over restraint current was initially derived in this study; this ratio is observed to be affected by the control system parameters, power grid system parameters, fault resistance, and fault types. Moreover, the dynamic characteristics of this ratio can be clearly observed based on a three-dimensional diagram. Furthermore, the operating performance of the current differential protection was analyzed under different influencing factors. The mathematical analysis presents that the amplitude ratio of the fault current on both sides of the line is larger than nine and that current differential protection will operate reliably in any case. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the current phase angle difference may become an obtuse angle in case of an ungrounded fault, which will cause inaccurate operation of the current differential protection. The results of this study will provide guidance for the engineering application of current differential protection in case the PVPPs are connected to a power grid.

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Impact of Power-Electronic Sources on Transmission Line Ground Fault Protection

Cited by 69 publications

References 11 publications

Adaptability Analysis of Fault Component Distance Protection on Transmission Lines Connected to Photovoltaic Power Stations

Adaptability Analysis of Fault Component Distance Protection on Transmission Lines Connected to Photovoltaic Power Stations

Fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of converter-interfaced generation

Performance Problem of Current Differential Protection of Lines Emanating from Photovoltaic Power Plants

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