Impact of poultry litter Salmonella levels and moisture on transfer of Salmonella through associated in vitro generated dust

Pal, Amrit; Bailey, Matthew; Talorico, Aidan A.; Krehling, James T.; Macklin, K. S.; Price, Stuart; Buhr, R. J.; Bourassa, D. V.

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101236

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In commercial farms, we observed the highest Salmonella frequency in the dust. In agreement with the current findings, several studies have also associated dust generated in farms with Salmonella transmission in farm animals and sporadic human outbreaks [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Salmonella enterica in farm environments in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Ofori,

Fosu,

Ofori

et al. 2023

BMC Microbiol

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Background Salmonella enterica are important foodborne pathogens and the third leading cause of death among diarrheal infections worldwide. This cross-sectional study investigated the frequency of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica in commercial and smallholder farm environments in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A total of 1490 environmental samples, comprising 800 (53.7%) soil (from poultry, pigs, sheep, goats and cattle farms), 409 (27.4%) pooled poultry fecal and 281 (18.9%) dust (from poultry farms) samples, were collected from 30 commercial and 64 smallholder farms. All samples were processed using standard culture methods. Isolates were identified by biochemical methods and confirmed using the VITEK 2 System. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion following the EUCAST guidelines. Serotyping was performed using the Kauffman White Le Minor Scheme. Results The overall Salmonella frequency was 6.0% (n/N = 90/1490); the frequency varied according to the type of sample collected and included: 8.9% for dust (n/N = 25/281), 6.5% for soil (n/N = 52/800) and 3.2% for pooled poultry fecal samples (n/N = 13/409). Salmonella was also recovered from commercial farm environments (8.6%, n/N = 68/793) than from smallholder farms (3.2%, n/N = 22/697) (PR = 2.7, CI: 1.7 – 4.4). Thirty-four different Salmonella serovars were identified, the two most common being Rubislaw (27.8%, n/N = 25/90) and Tamale (12.2%, n/N = 11/90). Serovar diversity was highest in strains from soil samples (70.6%, n/N = 24/34) compared to those found in the dust (35.2%, n/N = 12/34) and in fecal samples (29.4%, n/N = 10/34). Salmonella frequency was much higher in the rainy season (8.4%, n/N = 85/1007) than in the dry season (1.0%, n/N = 5/483) (PR = 8.4, 95% CI: 3.3 – 20.0). Approximately 14.4% (n/N = 13/90) of the isolates were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobials, with 84.6% (n/N = 11/13) being resistant to multiple antibiotics. All Salmonella Kentucky (n = 5) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion This study showed that farm environments represent an important reservoir for antibiotic-resistant Salmonella, which warrants monitoring and good husbandry practices, especially in commercial farms during the rainy season, to control the spread of this pathogen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Salmonella enterica in farm environments in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Ofori,

Fosu,

Ofori

et al. 2023

BMC Microbiol

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“…The pathogen-associated families Enterobacteriaceae , Enterococcaceae and Staphylococcaceae were profuse in the stockpile. Although the relative abundance of the first two decreased with time, they were detected in all time points, suggesting that broiler litter may be a vector of potentially antibiotic resistant pathogens under certain conditions [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] . Although ARG diversity increased, the relative abundance of ARGs decreased with time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Spatial and temporal dynamics of microbiomes and resistomes in broiler litter stockpiles

Gupta

Avidov

Kattusamy

et al. 2021

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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“…Many Salmonella infection model studies in young layer chickens have administered an oral dose of either 10 8 CFU (Gast, Guraya, Jones, Anderson, & Karcher, 2017 ; Gast, Guraya, Jones, Guard, et al, 2017 ; Mon et al, 2015 ) or 10 9 CFU (Pande et al, 2016 ) per chicken, which are high and may not mimic doses typical encountered under field conditions. An in vitro study that assessed the transfer of ST from inoculated litter to the dust showed that increasing concentrations of bacteria in the litter resulted in a higher number of positive dust samples (Pal et al, 2021 ). Data obtained in the current study confirmed that dust could act as an effective carrier of ST and the sprinkling method resulted in a level of colonisation of layer chickens similar to that found when the oral route was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust sprinkling as an effective method for infecting layer chickens with wild‐type SalmonellaTyphimurium and changes in host gut microbiota

Khan,

McWhorter,

Andrews

et al. 2024

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Role of dust in Salmonella transmission on chicken farms is not well characterised. Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) infection of commercial layer chickens was investigated using a novel sprinkling method of chicken dust spiked with ST and the uptake compared to a conventional oral infection. While both inoculation methods resulted in colonisation of the intestines, the Salmonella load in liver samples was significantly higher at 7 dpi after exposing chicks to sprinkled dust compared to the oral infection group. Infection of chickens using the sprinkling method at a range of doses showed a threshold for colonisation of the gut and organs as low as 1000 CFU/g of dust. Caecal content microbiota analysis post‐challenge showed that the profiles of chickens infected by the sprinkling and oral routes were not significantly different; however, both challenges induced differences when compared to the uninfected negative controls. Overall, the study showed that dust sprinkling was an effective way to experimentally colonise chickens with Salmonella and alter the gut microbiota than oral gavage at levels as low as 1000 CFU/g dust. This infection model mimics the field scenario of Salmonella infection in poultry sheds. The model can be used for future challenge studies for effective Salmonella control.

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Impact of poultry litter Salmonella levels and moisture on transfer of Salmonella through associated in vitro generated dust

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Salmonella enterica in farm environments in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Salmonella enterica in farm environments in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Spatial and temporal dynamics of microbiomes and resistomes in broiler litter stockpiles

Dust sprinkling as an effective method for infecting layer chickens with wild‐type SalmonellaTyphimurium and changes in host gut microbiota

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