Impact of population on the karst of east Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Abstract

Research of human settlements on the karst area of East Sarajevo starts with a brief overview of the City's characteristic traits and the influence of relief on the distribution of the population. The karst terrain was mapped using GIS tools, after which the percentage of the population and its concentration on the karst area of the East Sarajevo was determined. Karst areas have a low population density caused by difficult living conditions due to the vertical and horizontal dissection of relief, lack of mineral resources, geodynamic disasters, water shortages, specific climate conditions, degraded land, and vegetation. The consequences are the fragmentation of property, migration and aging of the population, lack of labor, weakening of the economy, etc. The research focus is to determine the degree of the anthropogenic impact on the karst environment and to apply the suitable methodology in the determination of the settlements categories according to the degree of karst environment vulnerability.

The Natural Heritage of Pale Municipality: Local Population Attitudes

“…In relation to the presence of karst rocks (29.5%), numerous underground karst relief forms occur in the studied area, among which the caves are the most numerous [8]. Currently, the only object under protection as monument of nature is the Orlovača Cave (Figure 4a), which is also the only tourist cave.…”

“…The highest altitude of the municipality is on the mountain Jahorina, the peak Ogorjelica 1916m, and the lowest altitude is in the valley of the river Miljacka, in the area of settlement Dovlići (624 m). The urban part of Pale municipality is in the Pale Valley and covers an area of about 15.77 km 2 [8,9]. This, mostly mountainous area, is characterized by a great diversity of relief forms.…”

Inland-coastal demographic transformations in a karst area: a case study of the surroundings of Krka National Park (Croatia)

“…The relationship between topographic, geological, hydrographic factors and certain demographic characteristics has already been studied in a number of areas, including the Sudety Mountains in Poland (Latocha 2012), Montenegro (Telbisz et al 2014), the Gömör-Torna Karst in Hungary and Slovakia (Telbisz et al 2015), the Apuseni Mountains in Romania (Telbisz et al 2016), Kastamonu Forest in Turkey (Buğday and Özden 2017), the Caucasus (Kohler et al 2017), the Sarajevo Region in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Lukić-Tanović et al 2019), and Zlatibor and Tara mountains in Western Serbia (Telbisz et al 2020a). Based on the aforementioned, it can be stated that there is often a medium or even strong statistical relationship between elevation and population density, or between elevation and population change.…”

“…Although the unfavourable conditions of karsts for human settlement have already been recognised by several authors, only few studies have so far dealt with the quantitative study of this topic (Pejnović and Husanović-Pejnović 2008;Telbisz et al 2014Telbisz et al , 2015Telbisz et al , 2016Buğday and Özden 2017;Lukić-Tanović et al 2019). Moreover, in terms of geographical possibilism, the internal context of social development (history, form of government, economic situation, etc.)…”

Public knowledge on karst and protected areas: A case study of Tara National Park, Serbia

“…1925). For all these reasons, population density is relatively low and depopulation processes are intensive on karsts of almost the whole Europe (Habič, P. 1993;Ciglič, R. et al 2012;Telbisz, T. et al 2015Telbisz, T. et al , 2019Telbisz, T. et al , 2020Lukić-Tanović, M. et al 2019) as well as in Asia (e.g. Song, W. 2019, 2020).…”