Impact of PM2.5 in indoor urban environments: A review

Martins, Nuno R.; Graça, Guilherme Carrilho da

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.07.011

Cited by 195 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…There are numerous studies on indoor quality and sick building syndromes, especially in cold countries [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], but studies in temperate areas of Southern Europe are limited, with some studies in operational housing conditions [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Studies of the indoor air quality in homes during the COVID 19 lockdown are also limited, although some studies point to household cleaning products as a particularly relevant source of indoor pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bad Air Can Also Kill: Residential Indoor Air Quality and Pollutant Exposure Risk during the COVID-19 Crisis

Domínguez-Amarillo

Fernández-Agüera

Cesteros-García

et al. 2020

IJERPH

107

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During the first outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic the population, focusing primarily on the risk of infection, was generally inattentive to the quality of indoor air. Spain, and the city of Madrid in particular, were among the world’s coronavirus hotspots. The country’s entire population was subject to a 24/7 lockdown for 45 days. This paper describes a comparative longitudinal survey of air quality in four types of housing in the city of Madrid before and during lockdown. The paper analysed indoor temperatures and variations in CO2, 2.5 μm particulate matter (PM2.5) and total volatile organic compound (TVOC) concentrations before and during lockdown. The mean daily outdoor PM2.5 concentration declined from 11.04 µg/m3 before to 7.10 µg/m3 during lockdown. Before lockdown the NO2 concentration values scored as ‘very good’ 46% of the time, compared to 90.9% during that period. Although the city’s outdoor air quality improved, during lockdown the population’s exposure to indoor pollutants was generally more acute and prolonged. Due primarily to concern over domestic energy savings, the lack of suitable ventilation and more intensive use of cleaning products and disinfectants during the covid-19 crisis, indoor pollutant levels were typically higher than compatible with healthy environments. Mean daily PM2.5 concentration rose by approximately 12% and mean TVOC concentration by 37% to 559%. The paper also puts forward a series of recommendations to improve indoor domestic environments in future pandemics and spells out urgent action to be taken around indoor air quality (IAQ) in the event of total or partial quarantining to protect residents from respiratory ailments and concomitantly enhanced susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, as identified by international medical research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bad Air Can Also Kill: Residential Indoor Air Quality and Pollutant Exposure Risk during the COVID-19 Crisis

Domínguez-Amarillo

Fernández-Agüera

Cesteros-García

et al. 2020

IJERPH

107

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“…The PM2.5 quantitative analyses represent the determination of cumulative particulate matters mass for particle fraction with a 50% aerodynamic cutoff diameter of 2.5 µm in a known volume of analyzed atmospheric air [4][5][6]. The effect of this type of pollutant is well documented [7][8] and works are still emerging in the specialized literature, especially in Asia [9][10][11][12], where multiple great human agglomerations creates the premises [13] for extremely high values of particulate matters in the atmosphere (e.g. : a mean concentration of 102.45 µg/m 3 in Beijing, China, during 2015-2016 period, for PM2.5) [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Concentration and Composition of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Near an Intense Circulated Road in an Industrial City

Bodor

Jos²

2020

MMS

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The purpose of the present work is to present results from a measuring campaign during February-March 2020, in Galati city, Romania, aiming the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in air and their heavy metal concentrations, then comparing the results with the air quality determined by the national monitoring system from the same city. Results show considerable differences concerning the air quality measured in this study compared with measurements of the national monitoring system that consist in four stations placed across the city. While values recorded in this study exceeded, in some situations, the maximum target from PM2.5, the reports from the national monitoring system presented a good air quality, using a colour-and number-coding (maximum level 4 out of 6 was reported). Heavy metal concentrations of the fine particulate matters collected in this study was compared with other studies across the world, high Fe and Zn values being registered in agglomerated and industrialized cities, including the city considered in the present study, while in a study conducted in Beijing, China most higher values between all analysed heavy metals were recorded.

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“…PM 2.5 refers to particulate matters with a particle size of below 2.5 µm. Most PM 2.5 can settle in the respiratory tract, and a small number of PM 2.5 could even reach the pulmonary alveoli which are very difficult to get rid of and extremely harmful to the human body [62][63][64]. In recent research, PM 2.5 and PM 10 have been the focus of air pollution control in China [65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Pollutants and Air Quality Analysis for Urban Air in China: Evidence from Shanghai

Yan

Sun

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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In recent years, China's urban air pollution has caused widespread concern in the academic world. As one of China's economic and financial centers and one of the most densely populated cities, Shanghai ranks among the top in China in terms of per capita energy consumption per unit area. Based on the Shanghai Energy Statistical Yearbook and Shanghai Air Pollution Statistics, we have systematically analyzed Shanghai’s atmospheric pollutants from three aspects: Primary pollutants, pollutants changing trends, and fine particulate matter. The comprehensive pollution index analysis method, the grey correlation analysis method, and the Euclid approach degree method are used to evaluate and analyze the air quality in Shanghai. The results have shown that Shanghai's primary pollutants are PM2.5 and O3, and the most serious air pollution happens during the first half of the year, particularly in the winter. This is because it is the peak period of industrial energy use, and residential heating will also lead to an increase in energy consumption. Furthermore, by studying the particulate pollutants of PM2.5 and PM10, we clearly disclosed the linear correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in Shanghai which varies seasonally.

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Impact of PM2.5 in indoor urban environments: A review

Cited by 195 publications

References 193 publications

Bad Air Can Also Kill: Residential Indoor Air Quality and Pollutant Exposure Risk during the COVID-19 Crisis

Bad Air Can Also Kill: Residential Indoor Air Quality and Pollutant Exposure Risk during the COVID-19 Crisis

Indoor Concentration and Composition of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Near an Intense Circulated Road in an Industrial City

Primary Pollutants and Air Quality Analysis for Urban Air in China: Evidence from Shanghai

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