Impact of physico‐chemical properties of nanocellulose on rheology of aqueous suspensions and its utility in multiple fields: A review

Rana, Ashwani K.; Thakur, Vijay Kumar

doi:10.1002/vnl.22006

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(274 reference statements)

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“…However, some transitions in the viscosity curves represent the partial agglomeration and disintegration of CNF at high concentrations. These transitions were also mentioned in the literature for viscosity curves of CNF suspensions and represent the Newtonian plateaus [ 79 ]. The latter fiber interactions become more pronounced for epoxy/CMF with high CMF concentrations, as the microfiber morphology is less homogeneous and more difficult to homogeneously disperse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Nanocellulose Grades with Different Morphologies and Surface Modification as Additives for Waterborne Epoxy Coatings

Samyn,

Cosemans

2024

Polymers

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While adding different micro- and nanocellulose types into epoxy coating formulations with waterborne phenalkamine crosslinker, effects on processing conditions and coating performance were systematically investigated. The variations in viscosity, thermal and thermomechanical properties, mechanical behavior, abrasive wear, water contact angles, and coating morphologies were evaluated. The selected additives include microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) at 1 to 10 wt.% and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose microfibers (CMF), and hydrophobically modified cellulose microfibers (mCMF) at 0.1 to 1.5 wt.%. The viscosity profiles are determined by the inherent additive characteristics with strong shear thinning effects for epoxy/CNF, while the epoxy/mCMF provides lower viscosity and better matrix compatibility owing to the lubrication of encapsulated wax. The crosslinking of epoxy/CNF is favored and postponed for epoxy/(CNC, CMF, mCMF), as the stronger interactions between epoxy and CNF are confirmed by an increase in the glass transition temperature and reduction in the dampening factor. The mechanical properties indicate the highest hardness and impact strength for epoxy/CNF resulting in the lowest abrasion wear rates, but ductility enhances and wear rates mostly reduce for epoxy/mCMF together with hydrophobic protection. In addition, the mechanical reinforcement owing to the specific organization of a nanocellulose network at percolation threshold concentrations of 0.75 wt.% is confirmed by microscopic analysis: the latter results in a 2.6 °C (CNF) or 1.6 °C (CNC) increase in the glass transition temperature, 50% (CNF) or 20% (CNC) increase in the E modulus, 37% (CNF) or 32% (CNC) increase in hardness, and 58% (CNF) or 33% (CNC) lower abrasive wear compared to neat epoxy, while higher concentrations up to 1.5 wt.% mCMF can be added. This research significantly demonstrates that nanocellulose is directly compatible with a waterborne phenalkamine crosslinker and actively contributes to the crosslinking of waterborne epoxy coatings, changing the intrinsic glass transition temperatures and hardness properties, to which mechanical coating performance directly relates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Nanocellulose Grades with Different Morphologies and Surface Modification as Additives for Waterborne Epoxy Coatings

Samyn,

Cosemans

2024

Polymers

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“…This is due to the excellent properties of this family of products, including the ability to form stable three-dimensional networks, its great mechanical resistance, colloidal properties [ 27 ], its high specific surface, adsorption capacity [ 28 ] or the capacity of functionalization, among others [ 29 , 30 ]. All these properties together with the great availability, and biodegradable, biocompatible and environmentally friendly properties of these materials make them of great interest in an endless number of applications like biomedicine [ 26 , 31 ], nanocomposites [ 32 ], reinforced inorganic matrix [ 33 ], rheology modifiers [ 34 ], aerogels and foams [ 35 ], food industry [ 36 ], energy [ 37 ], environmental [ 38 ], papermaking [ 39 ] and many others [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergies between Fibrillated Nanocellulose and Hot-Pressing of Papers Obtained from High-Yield Pulp

et al. 2023

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To extend the application of cost-effective high-yield pulps in packaging, strength and barrier properties are improved by advanced-strength additives or by hot-pressing. The aim of this study is to assess the synergic effects between the two approaches by using nanocellulose as a bulk additive, and by hot-pressing technology. Due to the synergic effect, dry strength increases by 118% while individual improvements are 31% by nanocellulose and 92% by hot-pressing. This effect is higher for mechanical fibrillated cellulose. After hot-pressing, all papers retain more than 22% of their dry strength. Hot-pressing greatly increases the paper’s ability to withstand compressive forces applied in short periods of time by 84%, with a further 30% increase due to the synergic effect of the fibrillated nanocellulose. Hot-pressing and the fibrillated cellulose greatly decrease air permeability (80% and 68%, respectively) for refining pretreated samples, due to the increased fiber flexibility, which increase up to 90% using the combined effect. The tear index increases with the addition of nanocellulose, but this effect is lost after hot-pressing. In general, fibrillation degree has a small effect which means that low- cost nanocellulose could be used in hot-pressed papers, providing products with a good strength and barrier capacity.

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Achieving superior pyroresistive reproducibility at HDPE/PVDF composites with tailored conductive phase size

Chen,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Commercial conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) behavior usually suffer from inherent poor reproducibility of pyroresistive property. Herein, a conductive carbon black (CB)/high density polyethylene (HDPE)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite with outstanding PTC reproducibility were prepared through introducing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) grafted with methyl methacrylate (CNC‐g‐PMMA). Following the minimum interfacial energy mechanism, the CNC‐g‐PMMA tends to locate in PVDF of binary polymer composites. A much finer morphology of conductive CB/HDPE phase is hence obtained owing to the increasement of PVDF/HDPE viscosity ratio by introducing CNC‐g‐PMMA. Undergoing multiple repeated temperature cycles, the room temperature resistance and PTC intensity of as‐prepared material keep almost unchanged, which demonstrates superior PTC reproducibility. The improving mechanism of PTC reproducibility has also been illustrated in detail. This research provides a facile and valid strategy to enhance the PTC reproducibility and will vastly expand the application of PTC composites in the field of intelligent temperature management.Highlights Assembling binary polymer‐based PTC materials with cocontinuous structure Nanocrystals enables conductive HDPE phase with finer morphology. The precise ranges of viscosity ratio ensure the co‐continuous morphology. Small conductive phase size enhances P reproducibility. Narrow spatial domain restricts the self‐aggregation of conductive fillers.

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Impact of physico‐chemical properties of nanocellulose on rheology of aqueous suspensions and its utility in multiple fields: A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 153 publications

Nanocellulose Grades with Different Morphologies and Surface Modification as Additives for Waterborne Epoxy Coatings

Nanocellulose Grades with Different Morphologies and Surface Modification as Additives for Waterborne Epoxy Coatings

Synergies between Fibrillated Nanocellulose and Hot-Pressing of Papers Obtained from High-Yield Pulp

Achieving superior pyroresistive reproducibility at HDPE/PVDF composites with tailored conductive phase size

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