Impact of Pesticides on Selected Soil Mycoflora

Abstract

The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of nine pesticides and two biocides tested on fungal isolates from agricultural soil samples (Coffee,Turmeric and Vegetable) of Lammasinghi village, Chintapalli mandal in Visakhapatnam district. Nine different pesticides namely Fungicides, Insecticides and Herbicides and biocides were taken into study. During the investigation period Pencillium chrysogenum, Fusarium, Aspergillus niger, Alternaria, Aspergillus oryzae, Pencillium and Cladosporium fungal colonies were isolated. The maximum fungal counts were observed in agriculture field compared with hill area. The maximum fungal colony count (54 colonies) observed in Turmeric field and minimum count (20 colonies) observed in Vegetable field. In the hilly area the more colony count were seen in Vegetable field compared with Coffee and Turmeric. The short term inhibitory effect on the total fungal population was observed with the application of Fungicides, Insecticides and Herbicides. The study proved to be destructive on Aspergillus species by the use of Fungicides and Herbicides compared with Insecticides. The biological control did not inhibit their growth or merely in a lower degree.

Studies on the effect of pesticides on the mycoflora diversity in the agricultural environments

“…as compared with insecticides, where maximum zone of inhibition was seen in Aspergillus spp. with three fungicides (Saramanda and Kaparapu, 2017) which is coordinated with the present findings.…”

“…The inhibition zone in diameter if any, was measured and recorded. Similar agar diffusion method was also followed by Geetha et al (2016), Saramanda and Kaparapu (2017) and the inhibition zone was measured.…”

“…The impact of pesticides were also studied by Johnsen et al (2001) on bacterial diversity, on microbial community b y Lo (2010), on phytopathogenic bacteria by Patyka et al (2016). Flores et al (2014) studied the effect of imazalil (fungicide) and Diazinon (insecticide) on the stream fungi associated with litter breakdown; on soil mycoflora (Rajbonshi et al 2014;Saramanda and Kaparapu, 2017); on Aspergillus niger from agricultural soil with three fungicides, three insecticides, three herbicides and two biopesticides (Geetha et al 2016); on fungal phytopathogens (Mohan et al 2017); on bacterial and fungal populations in Ecuadorian tomato cultivated soils (Srinivasulu and Ortiz, 2017); on soil microorganisms (Mehjin et al 2019;Singh et al 2019;Meena et al 2020;and Kremer, 2021). Fiedler and Sosnowska (2017) showed the side eff ects of fung icides and insecticides on entomopathogenic fungi while Koladar et al (2018) studied the in vitro evaluation of non-systemic fungicides, at different concentrations on Turmeric Anthracnose caused by Colletotricum capsici.…”

EKOENZIM SEBAGAI PENGENDALIAN PATOGEN Fusarium sp. DAN Colletotrichum sp. PADA TANAMAN PISANG BARANGAN (Musa acuminata)

“…Cairan ekoenzim ini bewarna coklat tua dengan aroma asam/segar kuat (Maulana & Khumaeroh, 2021). Ekoenzim memiliki kekuatan terbesar untuk mengurangi atau menghambat patogen karena sifat asam dari ekoenzim yang membantu mengekstraksi enzim ekstraseluler dari bahan limbah organik dalam larutan selama fermentasi (Saramanda & Kaparapu, 2017).…”