“…Yet, such restrictions may have limited effect on actual cutting practices given the practical difficulties of monitoring sites that are remote and simultaneously accessible by land and sea (Dahdouh-Guebas et al, 2000bGlaser, 2003;Walters, 2003Walters, , 2005aLopez-Hoffman et al, 2006). Considerable research has been devoted to understanding the ecological effects of selection cutting and clear-felling as these treatments are applied in certain managed forests in Ecuador and South and Southeast Asia (Christensen, 1983a;FAO, 1985;Putz and Chan, 1986;Azariah et al, 1992;FAO, 1994;Nurkin, 1994;Blanchard and Prado, 1995;Hussain, 1995;Gong and Ong, 1995). But the relevance of this work is limited given that relatively little of the world's mangroves are subject to this kind of intensive forest management.…”