Impact of oxygen therapy on antioxidant status in newborns. Relationship with infection risk

Araújo, Vitor Guilherme Brito de; Ruíz, E.; Llovera, Marta; Tokashiki, N.; Abellán, C.; Domínguez, Camila Juliana

doi:10.1002/biof.5520080124

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similarly, higher levels of selenium and other important antioxidants such as sulfhydryl groups have also been reported in newborn plasma (8,12). This suggests that the levels of some antioxidants are up-regulated in infants to compensate for increased oxidative stress at birth.…”

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confidence: 79%

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Neonatal Blood Plasma Is Less Susceptible to Oxidation Than Adult Plasma Owing to Its Higher Content of Bilirubin and Lower Content of Oxidizable Fatty Acids

et al. 2003

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Newborn infants are susceptible to a range of problems attributed to excessive production of free radicals. Because of a higher content of antioxidants, above all bilirubin, and a lower content of oxidizable lipids, newborn plasma should be better protected against oxidation than adult plasma. To test this hypothesis, we measured the susceptibility of plasma to in vitro oxidation in microsamples (7 L) from 57 healthy newborns and 18 adults. Heparin plasma was diluted 150-fold and oxidized by 50 M Cu 2ϩ . Oxidation was monitored as an increase in sample absorbance at 234 nm. Plasma oxidizability was found to be significantly lower in newborns than in adults. Accordingly, the level of bilirubin, an important antioxidant, was significantly higher, and the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, a major substrate of lipid peroxidation, was significantly lower in newborn plasma. In addition, plasma oxidizability correlated positively with the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids and negatively with that of bilirubin. These data indicate that plasma is better protected against oxidative stress in newborns than in adults, owing to its higher content of antioxidants like bilirubin and its lower content of oxidizable lipids. Abbreviations MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid SFA, saturated fatty acid TRAP, total radical-trapping ability of plasma Newborn infants, especially premature ones, are susceptible to a wide range of problems related to an excessive production of free radicals (1, 2). In utero, fetal organs are exposed to relatively hypoxic tensions, which increase abruptly after birth (3). This transition may cause oxidative injury.In healthy humans, a balance exists between oxygen-derived free radical production and their removal by antioxidants (4). In preterm infants, inadequate antioxidant defenses may contribute to the pathogenesis of some complications of prematurity. Oxygen radical injury may be a common pathogenic mechanism in several neonatal diseases. For this reason, the term "oxygen radical disease of prematurity" was proposed for intracerebral hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy in premature neonates (1).Antioxidants are therefore of critical importance in protecting newborns against oxygen toxicity. Low plasma antioxidant activity at birth has been reported to be an independent risk factor for mortality in preterm babies (5). The measured and calculated TRAP was higher in newborns than in adults (6) and declined postnatally with increasing age (7). Accordingly, the susceptibility of cord plasma to in vitro oxidation by Cu 2ϩ was significantly lower in comparison with maternal plasma (8).Increased TRAP in newborns and the decreased susceptibility of neonatal plasma to oxidation are likely related to its higher content of two potent antioxidants, namely urate and, more importantly, bilirubin, which is highly increased in newborn plasma (7, 9 -11). Similarly, higher levels of selenium and other important antioxidants such as sulfhydryl groups have also bee...

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confidence: 79%

“…Other antioxidants, such as selenium and sulfhydryl groups, can be higher in infant plasma as well and contribute to its better protection against oxidation compared with adult plasma (8,12). In contrast, low levels of vitamin E (13) and carotenoids (14) observed in newborns seem to have no negative impact on plasma oxidative resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Blood Plasma Is Less Susceptible to Oxidation Than Adult Plasma Owing to Its Higher Content of Bilirubin and Lower Content of Oxidizable Fatty Acids

et al. 2003

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“…This study demonstrated a constant level of Sepp mRNA expression in the develop- ing lung and intestine at all embryonic stages. The fetal lungs are exposed to relatively hypoxic tensions which arise suddenly at birth, and this alternation may induce oxidative injury in neonates (Araujo et al, 1998). The diminution of Sepp expression in colon cancer may increase susceptibility to oxidative damage and tumor progression (Al-Taie et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal expression of the selenoprotein P genein postimplantational mouse embryos

Lee¹,

Yon²,

Baek³

et al. 2008

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Selenoprotein P (Sepp) is an extracellular glycoprotein which functions principally as a selenium (Se) transporter and antioxidant. In order to assess the spatiotemporal expression of the Sepp gene during mouse embryogenesis, quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses were conducted in embryos and extraembryonic tissues, including placenta. Sepp mRNA expression was detected in all embryos and extraembryonic tissues on embryonic days (E) 7.5 to 18.5. Sepp mRNA levels were high in extraembryonic tissues, as compared to embryos, on E 7.5-13.5. However, the levels were higher in embryos than in extraembryonic tissues on E 14.5-15.5, but were similar in both tissues during the subsequent periods prior to birth. According to the results of in situ hybridization, Sepp mRNA was expressed principally in the ectoplacental cone and neural ectoderm, including the neural tubes and neural folds. In whole embryos, Sepp mRNA was expressed abundantly in nervous tissues on E 9.5-12.5. Sepp mRNA was also expressed in forelimb and hindlimb buds on E 10.5-12.5. In the sectioned embryos, on E 13.5-18.5, Sepp mRNA was expressed persistently in the developing limbs, gastrointestinal tract, nervous tissue, lung, kidney and liver. On E 16.5-18.5, Sepp mRNA expression in the submandibular gland, whisker follicles, pancreas, urinary bladder and skin was apparent. In particular, Sepp mRNA was detected abundantly in blood cells during all the observed developmental periods. These results show that Sepp may function as a transporter of selenium, as well as an antioxidant, during embryogenesis.

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“…These findings indicate that cGPx may act as an important antioxidant in limb and CNS development. Lungs are exposed to relatively high oxygen tensions, especially at birth, which causes oxidative injury in the neonate who is more susceptible to oxidative stress than in adult (Araujo et al 1998). Therefore, cGPx may act as a major protector against ROS massively produced by lung development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression pattern of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) mRNA during mouse embryogenesis

et al. 2005

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The selenoprotein cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) is ubiquitously distributed in a variety of organs, and its primary function is to protect oxidative damage. To investigate the spatial and temporal expression pattern of cGPx mRNA in embryogenesis, as this has not been studied before, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out in a thermal cycler using mouse-specific cGPx primers, and in situ hybridization was performed in whole embryos or embryonic tissues using digoxigenin-labeled mouse cGPx riboprobes. Expression of cGPx mRNA was detected in all the embryos retrieved from embryonic days (EDs) 7.5 to 18.5. On EDs 10.5-12.5, cGPx mRNA was highly expressed in the margin of forelimb and hindlimb buds and dorsally in the cranial neural tube, including the telencephalon, diencephalon, and hindbrain neural tube. On ED 13.5, cGPx mRNA was accumulated especially in vibrissae, forelimb and hindlimb plates, tail, and spinal cord. On EDs 14.5-16.5, cGPx mRNA was found in the developing brain, Rathke's pouch, thymus, lung, and liver. On ED 17.5, the expression of cGPx mRNA was apparent in various tissues such as brain, submandibular gland, vibrissae, heart, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, pancreas, skin, and kidney. In particular, cGPx mRNA was greatly expressed in epithelial linings and metabolically active sites such as whisker follicles, alveolar epithelium of lung, surface epithelium and glandular region of stomach, skin epithelium, and cortex and tubules of kidney. Overall results indicate that cGPx mRNA is expressed in developing embryos, cell-specifically and tissue-specifically, suggesting that cGPx may function to protect the embryo against reactive oxygen species and/or hydroperoxides massively produced by the intracellular or extracellular environment.

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Impact of oxygen therapy on antioxidant status in newborns. Relationship with infection risk

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Neonatal Blood Plasma Is Less Susceptible to Oxidation Than Adult Plasma Owing to Its Higher Content of Bilirubin and Lower Content of Oxidizable Fatty Acids

Neonatal Blood Plasma Is Less Susceptible to Oxidation Than Adult Plasma Owing to Its Higher Content of Bilirubin and Lower Content of Oxidizable Fatty Acids

Spatiotemporal expression of the selenoprotein P genein postimplantational mouse embryos

Expression pattern of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) mRNA during mouse embryogenesis

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