Impact of oxidative stress on the health and immune function of dairy cattle

Sordillo, Lorraine M.; Aitken, Stacey L.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.305

Cited by 540 publications

(454 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Generally, water soluble antioxidants react with oxidants in cytosol and blood plasma whereas those soluble in lipids protect cell membrane from lipid peroxidation (Sies, 1997). They may be synthesized in vivo or derived from a diet (Sordillo and Aitken, 2009), and these are macromolecules which may bind metal ions and antioxidative enzymes. The antioxidants could be also classified either as enzymatic or nonenzymatic antioxidants or as preventive or chain-breaking antioxidants (Miller et al, 1993;Agarwal et al, 2006).…”

Section: Antioxidantive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of mastitis in dairy cows

Turk

2017

Mljekarstvo

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Mastitis is one of the most frequent diseases of dairy cows throughout the world, therefore it causes the greatest economic losses in dairy cattle industry. These losses are reflected through: reduced milk production, increased costs of medication and the other animal health services, reduced fertility, early culling of animals and the value of discarded milk. Mastitis is also important from the aspects of public health, milk processing and animal welfare. In the pathogenesis of mastitis the key role plays the innate immune response which is the first line of defence against the pathogen invasion of the udder. The innate immune response generates an inflammatory reaction which is the elementary response of an organism to the tissue trauma induced by any physical, chemical or biological causative agent, but primarily it is the protective mechanism of a vital significance which includes increased phagocytic activity, secretion of antimicrobial substances, fibrosis as well as the alterations in tissue structure of affected organ or body cavity. The release of a number of inflammatory mediators as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important part of inflammatory response. In dairy cows, the metabolic challenge that occurred during the transition from dry period to early lactation may additionally increase the release of ROS which may contribute to development of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Oxidative stress is defined as a shift in the balance from cellular oxidation-reduction reactions towards oxidation, i.e. to the state of excessive release of oxidants when their removal by antioxidants is impaired and even insufficient. During peripartum period antioxidantive status of dairy cows is seriously impaired and consequently both the oxidative stress and inflammatory response may present the predisposing factors to their higher susceptibility to intramammary infections (IMI) and mastitis. This association between oxidative stress and inflammation during IMI and mastitis indicates their role in the pathogenesis of mastitis. Thus, a better understanding of such a synergism could contribute to development of new approaches to prevention and therapy of IMI and mastitis.

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Section: Antioxidantive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of mastitis in dairy cows

Turk

2017

Mljekarstvo

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“…Parturition and the onset of lactation represent the most hazardous periods of drastic physiological changes and intense metabolic demands in dairy cows which leads to increased incidence of metabolic disorders and infectious diseases (Sordillo and Aitken, 2009). Equally as important but however, mastitis in dairy cows are the most important diseases of the mammary gland which incidence increases as a consequence of parturition when host defense mechanisms are compromised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mastitis Pathogens and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Early Lactating Dairy Cows

Trajchev¹,

Nakov²,

Petrovska³

et al. 2017

AgricultForest

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SUMMARYA two years cross-sectional longitudinal survey was carried out for determination of udder pathogens prevalence and their antimicrobial profile in one commercial dairy farm. Dairy cows were selected in relation to date of calving and period of early lactation in order to minimize environmental impact. A udder quarters milk samples were obtained from totally 211 black-white dairy cows. The quarter milk-samples were screening using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) for detection of abnormal milk secretion (AMS) and from quarters with AMS were obtained milk-samples for microbiological examination in order to detect intramammary infections (IMI). The milk-samples were obtained in two periods: period from beginning of lactation until 21 st day in lactation and period from 22 nd to 42 nd day in lactation. The prevalence of IMI in period from beginning of lactation until 21 st day in lactation and period from 22 nd to 42 nd day in lactation was 4.03% and 4.38%, respectively. Based on CMT, there was found totally 162 udder quarters with AMS. From these quarters, the overall proportion of microbiological negative quarters was 56.17% and mastitis pathogens were isolated from 43.83% of udder quarters, from which the dominant mastitis pathogens were: Streptococcus agalactiae (19.14%), Enterococcus spp. (8.02%), Candida non-albicans (6.79%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.17%), Escherichia coli (1.85%), Aspergilus niger (1.23%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.62%). The results indicated that contagious pathogens were the most common patogens of IMI in early lactation. There was significant difference in the prevalence of intramammary infection (χ 2 =35.136, df=1, p<0.001) when comparing the front and rear udder quarters. The isolated bacteria were examined for determination of susceptibility to 27 most used antimicrobial agents for mastitis treatment. The most resistant strain was Staphylococcus aureus.

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“…When the production of oxidants exceeds the capacity of the antioxidant defense, a state of oxidative stress is produced resulting in oxidative damage to macromolecules such as lipids, DNA and proteins [6]. Such damage can be a signifi cant underlying factor to dysfunctional host immune and infl ammatory responses that can increase the incidence of peripartum disorders during the transition period [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplemental Selenium Reduces the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative and General Stress in Peripartum Dairy Cows / Dodati Selen Snižava Nivoe Biomarkera Oksidativnog I Opšteg Stresa Kod Mlečnih Krava U Peripartalnom Periodu

Jovanovic

Velickovic²,

Milanović

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria

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The aim of this investigation was to determine the infl uence of oxidative stress upon general stress in dairy cows on parturition and whether the indicators of stress can be reduced by selenium (Se) supplementation.A total of 36 animals were divided into 3 groups 21 days prepartum and treated with a single-term intra muscular supplement of sodium selenite: Control group -0 mg; group Se10 -10 mg; group Se20 -20 mg.Se supplementation signifi cantly raised blood Se content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control, although there was no marked difference between supplemented groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and cortisol concentrations were signifi cantly reduced in supplemented groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control. A negative correlation was detected between blood GPx activity and plasma MDA, while a positive correlation was determined between plasma MDA and cortisol concentrations.These results indicate that prepartum Se supplementation can be utilized for a partial relief of stress in cows during labor by augmenting the antioxidative action of GPx.

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Impact of oxidative stress on the health and immune function of dairy cattle

Cited by 540 publications

References 64 publications

The role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of mastitis in dairy cows

The role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of mastitis in dairy cows

Mastitis Pathogens and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Early Lactating Dairy Cows

Supplemental Selenium Reduces the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative and General Stress in Peripartum Dairy Cows / Dodati Selen Snižava Nivoe Biomarkera Oksidativnog I Opšteg Stresa Kod Mlečnih Krava U Peripartalnom Periodu

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