Impact of overweight, obesity and severe obesity on life expectancy of Australian adults

Lung, Thomas; Jan, Stephen; Tan, Eng Joo; Killedar, Anagha; Hayes, Alison

doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0210-2

Cited by 67 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, with some exceptions, BMI higher than 30 kg·m −2 has been reported to have excellent specificity and positive predictive power for identifying obesity for both sexes . Studies consistently showed that obesity reduces life expectancy markedly …”

Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 The variation in body composition that accompanies assessment of weight by BMI likely contributes to the variability observed in the association between those classified as overweight and mortality. Some studies have proposed that overweight is associated with excess mortality, 11,12 whereas others report no association or lower risk of mortality. 13 However, with some exceptions, BMI higher than 30 kgÁm −2 has been reported to have excellent specificity and positive predictive power for identifying obesity for both sexes.…”

Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Studies consistently showed that obesity reduces life expectancy markedly. 3,11,12 Metrics such as percentage body fat, 14 muscle mass index, 15 waist-to-height ratio, 16 waist-to-hip ratio, 17 and android-gynoid fat ratio 18 have been shown to better diagnose obesity and assess and predict total and cardiometabolic health, as they provide better information about body composition and fat distribution. Although they are better indicators of adiposity, studies establishing association between many of these metrics and life expectancy are still limited.…”

Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

2020

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Summary Conditions and comorbidities of obesity mirror those of ageing and age‐related diseases. Obesity and ageing share a similar spectrum of phenotypes such as compromised genomic integrity, impaired mitochondrial function, accumulation of intracellular macromolecules, weakened immunity, shifts in tissue and body composition, and enhanced systemic inflammation. Moreover, it has been shown that obesity reduces life expectancy by 5.8 years in men and 7.1 years in women after the age of 40. Shorter life expectancy could be because obesity holistically accelerates ageing at multiple levels. Besides jeopardizing nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA integrity, obesity modifies the DNA methylation pattern, which is associated with epigenetic ageing in different tissues. Additionally, other signs of ageing are seen in individuals with obesity including telomere shortening, systemic inflammation, and functional declines. This review aims to show how obesity and ageing are “two sides of the same coin” through discussing how obesity predisposes an individual to age‐related conditions, illness, and disease. We will further demonstrate how the mechanisms that perpetuate the early‐onset of chronic diseases in obesity parallel those of ageing.

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Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obesity and Life Expectancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

2020

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“…Approximately 78 million Americans are obese and 11 million are excessively obese making them eligible for surgical intervention [8]. Lung et al [9] and Nyberg et al [10] suggested that obesity was associated with the loss of disease-free years during middle and later adulthood. Herrick et al reported that the age-adjusted percentage of adults aged ≥ 20 years trying to lose weight during the past 12 months, by sex, increased from 43.3% to 49.3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of 11 years of long-term injectable testosterone undecanoate therapy on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in hypogonadal men with normal weight, overweight and obesity in comparison with untreated controls: real-world data from a controlled registry study

Saad

Doros

Haider³

et al. 2020

Int J Obes

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Background and significance Obesity is a chronic disease, warranting long-term medical intervention. We evaluated effects of testosterone (T) therapy (Th) in men with T deficiency with normal weight, overweight and obesity on anthropometric and metabolic parameters, compared with untreated men. Methods Hypogonadal men (n = 823) with total T ≤ 12.1 nmol/L (age: 60.6 ± 7.0 years) participated in an ongoing registry study. Among these men 474 (57.6%) were obese, 286 (34.8%) overweight and 63 (7.7%) had normal weight. T undecanoate injections were administered to 428 men and 395 remained untreated. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at least twice a year and changes adjusted for confounding factors to account for baseline differences between groups. Results Long-term TTh in hypogonadal men, irrespective of weight at baseline, produced improvements in body weight, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, TTh decreased fasting blood glucose and HbA 1c and improved lipid profiles. Gradual decreases in blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and pulse pressure occurred in men treated with T in each group. Marked reductions in mortality and major cardiovascular events were recorded in men receiving TTh. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that TTh produces reductions in weight, WC, and BMI. There were 77 (19.5%) deaths in the untreated groups and 23 (5.4%) in the T-groups. Based on these findings we suggest that long-term TTh in overweight and obese hypogonadal men produces progressive and sustained clinically meaningful weight loss and that TTh may contribute to reductions in mortality and incident major adverse cardiovascular events.

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“…The health and socioeconomic impacts of obesity on individuals and health care systems can be signi cant. In young and middle aged adults, obesity is associated with lower educational attainment (8), development of comorbidities (9,10) and overall reduction in life expectancy (11,12) Obesity of any classi cation can increase complexity of care including mobilisation, skin care and perioperative management (13)(14)(15) This review will synthesise the evidence on the nursing care of people classi ed as Class III obese in the acute, non-critical care settings to explore best practice and issues and challenges highlighted in the literature…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Evidence Informs the Nursing Care of People with Class III Obesity in an Acute Care Setting? A Scoping Review.

Ewens¹,

Kemp

Towel-Barnard

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Obesity is a complex psycho-social construct which is strongly linked with health and well-being. The health and socioeconomic impacts of obesity on individuals and health care systems can be significant. The nursing care of people with Class III obesity needs careful attention to ensure the provision of appropriate care. This scoping review aims to synthesise available evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings. Methods : A scoping review informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was undertaken. We searched CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase databases for primary research articles relating to the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in acute care settings. The methodological quality of all studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed and data relating to methods and the findings extracted and synthesised into themes. Results : 3809 records were identified. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Three themes were generated from the synthesis of the findings: Access, knowledge and training related to equipment; Patient care; and Opportunities to improve care. Conclusions : The need for proactive planning to improve the nursing care provided to people classified as class III obese and admitted to acute care settings is vital. Access to appropriate equipment to support moving and handling and education on equipment use to prevent injury to both patients and staff is necessary. Education and support to promote engagement with patients, adapt nursing care practices and promote self-care have the potential to improve patient care and patient outcomes.

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Impact of overweight, obesity and severe obesity on life expectancy of Australian adults

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin

Differential effects of 11 years of long-term injectable testosterone undecanoate therapy on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in hypogonadal men with normal weight, overweight and obesity in comparison with untreated controls: real-world data from a controlled registry study

What Evidence Informs the Nursing Care of People with Class III Obesity in an Acute Care Setting? A Scoping Review.

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