Impact of Otago versus Tai Chi Exercises on Lower Limb Strength in Older Adults

Abstract

Background:Balance training plays a crucial role in improving strength and mobility, as well as reducing the risk of falls, for elderly individuals who experience balance issues. This is achieved by strengthening the muscles in the lower limbs and enhancing functional ability. Aim: We aim to compare the effect of the Otago exercise program (OEP) and Tai Chi exercise (TCE) on lower limb strength (LLS) in elderly individuals. Design: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with single-blinding. Setting: Alsafa Nursing Home, Cario, Egypt. Subjects: Seventy-five older individuals were randomly assigned into three equal groups (n = 25). Group A received OEPs plus conventional balance training (CBT), Group B received TCEs along with CBTs, and Group C served as the control group, receiving only CBT. Tools: Pre-and post-testing involved the assessment of LLS using a Handheld dynamometer. Results: The scores on the dynamometer for the calf muscle showed a significant improvement in all three groups, with no statistical variation between them (p <0.05). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of utilizing different types of exercises, such as OEPs, TCEs, and CBTs, to enhance LLS and reduce fall risk and injuries in the elderly population. Recommendations: Based on comparing the effects of Otago and TC exercises on LLS in elderly individuals, it is recommended to incorporate a combination of OEPs, TCEs, and CBTs into the routine of elderly individuals experiencing balance issues. This combination can help improve LLS, mobility, and functional ability, ultimately reducing the risk of falls and injuries in this population.