Impact of Oral Microbiota on Flavor Perception: From Food Processing to In-Mouth Metabolization

Schwartz, Mathieu; Canon, Francis; Féron, Gilles; Neiers, Fabrice; Gamero, Amparo

doi:10.3390/foods10092006

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, assessment of missing teeth not due to trauma or orthodontics is an indicator of past periodontal disease, and a recent study found 70% of COVID-19 patients had lost teeth due to severe periodontal disease [11]. The evaluation of dental restorations and oral appliances was related to the role of oral biofilms in modulating taste and smell function via retronasal olfaction [23,24]. Factors such as appliance wearing, tooth brushing habits and the restorative state of the dentition are recognised as modifying the oral microbiome, which, in turn, may alter oral function [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Smell Loss and General and Oral Health Factors

Catton

Gardner

2022

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Loss of smell is one of the strongest predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and can persist long after other symptoms have resolved. “Long” cases (>28 days) of smell dysfunction present future challenges to medical and dental professionals, as there is a lack of evidence on the causes and any exacerbating or relieving factors. This study aimed to explore the persistence of COVID-19-induced smell loss and association with physical, lifestyle and oral health factors. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of 235 participants. Recovery of smell was explored, comparing rapid recovery (≤28 days) with prolonged recovery (>28 days). Associative factors included age, sex, illness severity, diet, BMI, vitamin D supplementation, antidepressants, alcohol use, smoking, brushing frequency, flossing, missing teeth, appliances and number of dental restorations. Results: Smell loss showed 87% resolution within 30 days. Prolonged smell loss was significantly associated with older age (mean ± 95%, CI = 31.53 ± 1.36 years for rapid recovery vs. mean ± 95%, CI = 36.0 ± 3 years for prolonged recovery, p = 0.003) and increased self-reported illness severity (mean ± 95%, CI = 4.39 ± 0.27 for rapid recovery vs. 5.01 ± 0.54 for prolonged recovery, p = 0.016). Fisher’s exact test revealed flossing was associated with rapid recovery, with flossers comprising 75% of the rapid-recovery group, compared to 56% in the prolonged-recovery group (odds ratio ± 95%, CI = 2.26 (1.23–4.15), p = 0.01). All other factors were not significantly associated (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Increased age and illness severity were associated with prolonged smell recovery. Use of floss was the only modifiable factor associated with rapid recovery of smell loss. As 87% of cases resolve within 30 days, future studies may benefit from targeted recruitment of individuals experiencing prolonged sense loss. This would increase statistical confidence when declaring no association with the other factors assessed, avoiding type II errors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Smell Loss and General and Oral Health Factors

Catton

Gardner

2022

Medicina

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“…Table 2 [96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112] illustrates examples of research into the relationship between taste, food choices, and eating. Other factors such as smell/odor detection, satiety, and addictions follow in subsequent tables.…”

Section: Who Behavioral Modification #1: Eat a Healthy Diet (In Spite Of The Microbiota-driven Sense Control)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive coverage of the multiple pathways through which both taste and smell are affected by microbiota. [112] For the purpose of considering the inter-relationships between regulation of the senses, food behavior, and risk of NCDs, I will use obesity/metabolic syndrome as a specific example. Obesity is one of the key drivers of the ongoing NCD epidemic and is one of the first NCDs to arise during childhood.…”

Section: Taste and Smell Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What we get from food depends upon what we eat but also on what the microbes do as per extraction and metabolism of the food. Table 2 [ 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 ] illustrates examples of research into the relationship between taste, food choices, and eating. Other factors such as smell/odor detection, satiety, and addictions follow in subsequent tables.…”

Section: Who Behavioral Modification #1: Eat a Healthy Diet (In Spite Of The Microbiota-driven Sense Control)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

Dietert

2021

Biomedicines

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The is a sequential article to an initial review suggesting that Microbiome First medical approaches to human health and wellness could both aid the fight against noncommunicable diseases and conditions (NCDs) and help to usher in sustainable healthcare. This current review article specifically focuses on public health programs and initiatives and what has been termed by medical journals as a catastrophic record of recent failures. Included in the review is a discussion of the four priority behavioral modifications (food choices, cessation of two drugs of abuse, and exercise) advocated by the World Health Organization as the way to stop the ongoing NCD epidemic. The lack of public health focus on the majority of cells and genes in the human superorganism, the microbiome, is highlighted as is the “regulatory gap” failure to protect humans, particularly the young, from a series of mass population toxic exposures (e.g., asbestos, trichloroethylene, dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, bisphenol A and other plasticizers, polyfluorinated compounds, herbicides, food emulsifiers, high fructose corn syrup, certain nanoparticles, endocrine disruptors, and obesogens). The combination of early life toxicity for the microbiome and connected human physiological systems (e.g., immune, neurological), plus a lack of attention to the importance of microbial rebiosis has facilitated rather than suppressed, the NCD epidemic. This review article concludes with a call to place the microbiome first and foremost in public health initiatives as a way to both rescue public health effectiveness and reduce the human suffering connected to comorbid NCDs.

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“…What we get from food depends upon what we eat but also on what the microbes do as per extraction and metabolism of the food. Table 2 [96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112] illustrates examples of research into the relationship between taste, food choices, and eating. Other factors such as smell/odor detection, satiety, and addictions follow in subsequent tables.…”

Section: Who Behavioral Modification #1: Eat a Healthy Diet -(In Spite Of The Microbiota-driven Sense-diet Cycle)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

Dietert¹

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The is a sequential article to an initial review suggesting that Microbiome First medical approaches to human health and wellness could both aid the fight against noncommunicable diseases and conditions (NCDs) and help to usher in sustainable healthcare. This current review article specifically focuses on public health programs and initiatives and what has been termed by medical journals as a catastrophic record of recent failures. Included in the review is a discussion of the four priority behavioral modifications (food choices, cessation of two drugs of abuse, and exercise) advocated by the World Health Organization as the way to stop the ongoing NCD epidemic. The lack of public health focus on the majority of cells and genes in the human superorganism, the microbiome, is highlighted as is the “regulatory gap” failure to protect humans, particularly the young, from a series of mass population toxic exposures (e.g., asbestos, trichloroethylene, dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, bisphenol A and other plasticizers, polyfluorinated compounds, herbicides, food emulsifiers, high fructose corn syrup, certain nanoparticles, endocrine disruptors, obesogens). The combination of early life toxicity for the microbiome and connected human physiological systems (e.g., immune, neurological), plus a lack of attention to the importance of microbial rebiosis has facilitated rather than suppressed, the NCD epidemic. This review article concludes with a call to place the microbiome first and foremost in public health initiatives as a way to both rescue public health effectiveness and reduce the human suffering connected to co-morbid NCDs.

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Impact of Oral Microbiota on Flavor Perception: From Food Processing to In-Mouth Metabolization

Cited by 25 publications

References 102 publications

Relationship between Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Smell Loss and General and Oral Health Factors

Relationship between Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Smell Loss and General and Oral Health Factors

Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

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