Impact of oral-health-related quality of life and self-esteem on patients with missing maxillary lateral incisor after orthodontic space closure: a single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial

Abstract

Summary Background The maxillary lateral incisor is one of the teeth most likely to suffer agenesis, resulting in spacing between the central incisor and the canine. Objective To compare maxillary lateral incisor agenesis with space closure treatment versus non-treatment based on measurements of the self-perceived oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-esteem of the participants. Subjects and methods A total of 44 people, aged 17–49 years, with missing lateral incisors were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 22 in each)—a treated group in which the space was orthodontically closed (TG) and a control group that remained untreated (CG). Randomization was performed by a researcher who was not involved in the clinical part of the study. The outcomes were assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, which were applied before (phase 1) and after (phase 2) the orthodontic treatment in the TG, and at baseline (phase 1) and 12 months after (phase 2) in the CG. All the data were blindly evaluated, supporting the single-blinded design of the study. Results All participants finished the randomized controlled trial, and the demographic characteristics were similar between the groups. In phase 1, the levels of self-esteem and OHRQoL at baseline were similar (P = 0.079, P = 0.693, respectively). In phase 2, the self-esteem scores of the CG decreased and the OHRQoL increased (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, respectively), while self-esteem increased in the TG and the OHRQoL decreased (P < 0.001). The CG had lower scores than the TG for self-esteem, but the opposite was observed for OHRQoL (P < 0.001). Limitations Information bias may have occurred. Since the questionnaires could not have been applied at the same time in both groups, the time difference between the two assessments may have led to random and systematic error. Conclusions The spacing resulting from missing maxillary lateral incisors had a negative impact on the OHRQoL and self-esteem of the participants, while orthodontically closing those spaces had a positive impact on those aspects. Clinical trial registration This study was not registered. Protocol The protocol was not published before trial commencement.

Interdisciplinary management of maxillary incisors with root resorption caused by impacted canines: A case report

“…Andrade et al (2013) found no scientific evidence to support any treatment option for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis because they did not identify any randomised clinical trials. Pithon et al (2021) compared cases of orthodontic space closure versus cases with no treatment to determine the social impact and quality of life. The results were in favour of the cases treated with orthodontics, improving quality of life and self-esteem in the patients.…”

Evaluation of the Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Patients' Self-Esteem: A Systematic Review

“…Instead, a thematic synthesis approach was employed to synthesize the data. Thematic analysis is a suitable method for qualitative research [ 26 ]. The findings were summarized based on significant and prominent themes.…”

“…Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of the included studies. Out of these trials, five were RCTs [ 26 , 27 , 37 , 38 , 40 ], seven studies were cohort studies [ 13 , 24 , 28 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 39 ], and the other four studies had a cross-sectional design [ 17 , 31 , 33 , 36 ]. All of them were in English.…”

“…Although this well-known and accepted correlation between SE and malocclusion, the direct relationship between SE and orthodontic treatment has not been confirmed yet; while several studies show that orthodontic treatment may improve SE scores at the end of treatment [ 13 , 17 , 26 ], others have found no differences in SE after the completion of orthodontic treatment [ 24 , 27 , 28 ]. Thus, there is no clear evidence about the effect of orthodontic treatment on self-esteem.…”

Comparison of craniofacial morphology in individuals with and without hypodontia with a special focus on the number of congenitally missing teeth

“…Oral health plays an important role in public health, and hypodontia might negatively affect a patient's dental function and esthetic. Subjects with missing teeth are more likely to suffer from malocclusion, insufficient alveolar bone growth, masticatory problems, reduced chewing ability, inarticulate pronunciation (speech), periodontal damage, and esthetic problems with changes in skeletal relationships and an unfavorable appearance, which might negatively affect patients' self-esteem, communication behavior, professional performance, and thus the quality of life and might need multidisciplinary treatment (3,14).…”