Impact of off-bottom seaweed cultivation on turbulent variation in the hydrodynamic environment: A flume experiment study with mimic and natural Saccharina latissima thalli

Zhu, Qin; Zhu, Zhenchang; Nauta, Reinier; Timmermans, Klaas R.; Jiang, Long; Cai, Yanpeng; Yang, Zhongfu; Gerkema, Theo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149048

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although S. latissima was found to maintain high growth rates for longer periods under phosphorus limitation (Lubsch and Timmermans, 2019), the lack of phosphorus in the model may have contributed to overestimation of DIN consumption by phytoplankton in late spring and hence, underestimation of S. latissima %N in May and June. Additionally, the model did not account for wave dissipation or turbulence changes caused by the cultivation structures and seaweed thalli, which may generate intra-farm variations in the nutrient uptake and photosynthesis rates (Wheeler, 1980;Stephens and Hepburn, 2014;Zhu et al, 2021). The current model considered only an annual farming cycle (November to June) without addressing the macroalgal reproduction or epiphytes infesting S. latissima in summer.…”

Section: Performance Of the Hydrodynamic-biogeochemical-kelp Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrying capacity of Saccharina latissima cultivation in a Dutch coastal bay: a modelling assessment

Jiang

Blommaert

Jansen

et al. 2022

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Kelp cultivation receives increasing interest for its high-value products and ecological services, especially in Europe and North America. Before industrial kelp farming in marine ecosystems continue to scale up, evaluation of the site-wide production relative to ecological carrying capacity (CC) of the identified system is essential. For this purpose, a mechanistic kelp model was developed and applied for hypothetical numerical experiments of expanding the farming area in a Dutch coastal bay (the Eastern Scheldt), where cultivation of Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) is emerging. The kelp model was implemented within a three-dimensional hydrodynamic–biogeochemical model to account for the environmental interactions. The model captured the seasonal growth dynamics of S. latissima, as well as its carbon and nitrogen contents measured at the Eastern Scheldt pilot sites. The model results suggest that expanding the kelp farming area to ∼1–30% of the bay (representing ∼3.4–75 kt harvest dry weight in the 350-km2 bay) had the potential to weaken the spring bloom, and thereby affected the coexisting shellfish culture in the bay. Competition between S. latissima and phytoplankton mostly occurred in late spring for nutrients (dissolved inorganic nitrogen). The ecological CC should be weighed according to these negative impacts. However, the production CC was not reached even when farming ∼30% of the Eastern Scheldt, i.e. harvesting totally 75 kt dry mass, given that the simulated overall S. latissima production kept increasing with the farming activity. Our modelling approach can be applied to other systems for S. latissima cultivation and assist in assessing CC and environmental impacts.

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Section: Performance Of the Hydrodynamic-biogeochemical-kelp Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrying capacity of Saccharina latissima cultivation in a Dutch coastal bay: a modelling assessment

Jiang

Blommaert

Jansen

et al. 2022

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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“…There are plenty of studies focusing on the evolvement of sequence stratigraphy, braided channels and fluvial fans. However, few papers emphasize shallow water sedimentary processes (Hertiansa et al, 2020; Olsen, 2020; Ruble et al, 2001; Taylor & Ritts, 2004; Wright, 1977; Zhu et al, 2021). Under shallow‐water circumstances, facies evolution was strongly influenced by water level and sediment volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flume experiment study of the formation process and sedimentary characteristics of a shallow‐water delta

et al. 2022

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This paper investigates the influence of water level oscillation and sediment supply volume on shallow‐water delta development by means of a flume experiment. The experiment simulated the natural water level by dividing a cycle of sediment period into four parts: the draught period, the flood period (FP), the interflood period in a falling limb (IPF) and the interflood period in a rising limb (IPR). During the FP, flooding broke former channels and a large amount of sediments were evenly unloaded at the surface of lobes. Erosion often appeared at the beginning of the IPF and was dominant at low stand. Most sediments were concentrated in incised valleys and unloaded at the channel mouth to form a new lobe during the falling limb. Erosional channels and lobes were broken at the IPR. Sediments homogeneously covered the surface of lobes and few new lobes appeared during the period. Different sediment supplies influenced the characteristics of incised valley and channel style. Low sediment supply to the delta was strongly influenced by water level change, while high sediment supply was mainly affected by fluvial processes. Based on the flow sand content of water, channels can be classified into four types: (a) narrow and deep multiple channels, (b) narrow and shallow branch channels, (c) broad and shallow main channels, and (d) broad and deep stable channels. Their width‐to‐depth ratios are 1.1–3.5, 5.1–12.9, 7.3–20.2, 2.6–4.6, respectively. Most mouth bars were initially formed but then broken by water level oscillation and channel bifurcation. The preserved mouth bars were well preserved at the far end of lobes, where they entered the low‐energy environment.

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“…It is poorly understood how seaweed farms affect the local hydrodynamic environment, especially turbulence, which is essential for nutrient transport and availability. Using results from a controlled flume experiment with mimic seaweed thalli, it was concluded that expanding seaweed culture brings a dual-risk of seabed erosion and low nutrient diffusion (Zhu et al 2021c). S. latissima farms may, though, serve as a form of nature-based coastal protection and have the potential to attenuate waves if numerous long lines of densely grown kelp are installed perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation (Zhu et al 2021b).…”

Section: Environmental Impacts and Life Cycle Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima II: Recent Advances in farming and applications

Sather,

Diehl,

Monteiro

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima has received intense scientific attention over the last decades. In recent years, interest in cultivation of the species has strongly increased in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Eastern Pacific Ocean, driven by the great potential of S. latissima to be utilised for various industrial applications, including food, feed, and biomaterials. Accordingly, current research has focused on improving farming methods and technology, environmental impacts, and site selection. In addition, many studies have investigated the varying chemical composition of S. latissima, extraction of commercially interesting components, and the use of the biomass and its derived components in various applications. This review provides acomprehensive overview of farming and applications of S. latissima from the last 15 years. Additional insights on other research topics, such as ecology, physiology, biochemical and molecular biology of S. latissima, are given in the first review, “The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima I: recent advances in a changing climate” (Diehl et al. 2023).

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Impact of off-bottom seaweed cultivation on turbulent variation in the hydrodynamic environment: A flume experiment study with mimic and natural Saccharina latissima thalli

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Carrying capacity of Saccharina latissima cultivation in a Dutch coastal bay: a modelling assessment

Carrying capacity of Saccharina latissima cultivation in a Dutch coastal bay: a modelling assessment

Flume experiment study of the formation process and sedimentary characteristics of a shallow‐water delta

The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima II: Recent Advances in farming and applications

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