Impact of obesity on influenza compared to pneumonia hospitalization outcomes

Wei, Chen; Qian, Frank; Liu, Ye; Maione, Luigi; Hsu, Huei-Ching; Hsu, Wan‐Ting; Lee, Chien‐Chang

doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2021.03.010

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similarly, de Miguel-Diez et al [ 12 ] found that the risk of in-hospital mortality decreased in the obese and morbidly obese patients with CAP in comparison to the non-obese patients. Several research studies reported that, among patients with pneumonia, obese individuals had a considerably lower 30-day mortality than normal weight counterparts [ 13 – 17 ], indicating that obesity protects against death from CAP. This occurred despite the fact that there was no difference in illness severity on arrival or immediate need for mechanical ventilation or inotropic support between the obese and non-obese groups [ 15 ].…”

Section: Obesity Paradox In Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Paradox in Lung Diseases: What Explains It?

Yao¹,

Zeng²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Obes Facts

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Background: Obesity is a globally increasing health problem that impacts multiple organ systems and a potentially modifiable risk factor for many diseases. Obesity has a significant impact on lung function and is strongly linked to the pathophysiology that contributes to lung diseases. On the other hand, reports have emerged that obesity is associated with a better prognosis than for normal weight individuals in some lung diseases, including pneumonia, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. The lesser mortality and better prognosis in patients with obesity is known as obesity paradox. While obesity paradox is both recognized and disputed in epidemiological studies, recent research has suggested possible mechanisms. Summary: In this review, we attempted to explain and summarize these factors and mechanisms, including immune response, pulmonary fibrosis, lung function, microbiota, fat and muscle reserves, which are significantly altered by obesity and may contribute to the obesity paradox in lung diseases. We also discuss contrary literature that attributes the “obesity paradox” to confounding. Key Messages: The review will illustrate the possible role of obesity in the prognosis or course of lung diseases, leading to a better understanding of the obesity paradox and provide hints for further basic and clinical research in lung diseases.

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Section: Obesity Paradox In Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Paradox in Lung Diseases: What Explains It?

Yao¹,

Zeng²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Obes Facts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, some investigators have evaluated the effect of obesity in both patients with influenza and patients with bacterial pneumonia. Wei et al [ 17 ] evaluated 132,965 patients with influenza and 34,177 patients with pneumonia during the period 2013–2014. The authors found different associations between obesity and mortality in patients with influenza compared with patients with pneumonia: higher BMIs were associated with increased mortality from influenza but with significantly lower mortality from pneumonia (in particular, a BMI from 30 kg/m 2 to 40 kg/m 2 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Malnutrition On Clinical Outcomes In Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have documented that undernutrition has been related with worse prognosis in patients with CAP, while obesity has been associated with a lower risk of mortality [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. However, the results of the studies vary depending on the etiology of CAP [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Undernutrition and Obesity on Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2022

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Malnutrition comprises two groups of conditions: undernutrition and overweight or obesity. It has been associated with a high risk of contracting infectious diseases and with elevated mortality rates. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide and its prognosis is affected by a large number of recognizable risk factors. This narrative review updates the information on the impact of malnutrition, including both undernutrition and obesity, on the risk and prognosis of adults with CAP. Studies of CAP that have evaluated undernutrition have applied a variety of definitions when assessing the nutritional status of patients. Undernutrition has been associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, such as prolonged hospital stay, need for intensive care unit admission, and mortality; in contrast, most published studies have found that increased body mass index is significantly associated with higher survival in patients with CAP. However, some authors have presented divergent results, mainly in relation to the etiology of CAP (bacterial versus viral). Influenza infection, caused by influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, has been associated with worse prognosis in obese patients. The current data underscore the need for larger studies to examine the physiological mechanisms that explain the differential impact of malnutrition on outcomes. Achieving a better understanding may help to guide the design of new interventions to improve prognosis.

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Impact of obesity on influenza compared to pneumonia hospitalization outcomes

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Obesity Paradox in Lung Diseases: What Explains It?

Obesity Paradox in Lung Diseases: What Explains It?

Effect of Undernutrition and Obesity on Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

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