Impact of nucleic acid amplification test on screening of blood donors in Northern Pakistan

Niazi, Saifullah Khan; Bhatti, Farhat Abbas; Salamat, Nuzhat; Ghani, Eijaz; Tayyab, Muhammad

doi:10.1111/trf.13017

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…were female, with a mean age of 29 years (range, 18-60 years) (Niazi et al, 2015). Also agree with a study done in Suez Canal University Hospital Blood Bank125, 562 blood donors (84%), were males, compared to 23,819 16%females.…”

Section: Parameterssupporting

confidence: 89%

Assessing Nucleic Acid Testing Versus Eliza for Blood Viruses Detection in Some Blood Banks

Attar

Ragab

Mahdy

2019

Journal of Environmental Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION: The goal of any transfusion service is to provide adequate and safe blood and blood products that meet the needs of patients. Transfusion-transmissible viral infections, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), remain a major public health problem in developing countries. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) is a molecular technique for screening blood donations to reduce the risk of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) in the recipients, thus providing an additional layer of blood safety. AIM OF THE WORK: To assess the importance of implementing NAT assay to detect donors during window period which are not detected with Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Egyptian Abbassia regional Blood Transfusion center (ARBTC) at Abbassia, Cairo. Blood donation collected from 10000 voluntary donors from January 2016 to June 2016 and tested with both ID NAT and ELISA assays for HBV, HCV and HIV. RESULTS: NAT testing has the potential to detect viral nucleic acids of HIV 1-2, HBV, and HCV earlier than current screening methods. CONCLUSION: The implementation of NAT screening for three viruses has improved blood safety and reduced transfusion-transmitted infections.

show abstract

Section: Parameterssupporting

confidence: 89%

Assessing Nucleic Acid Testing Versus Eliza for Blood Viruses Detection in Some Blood Banks

Attar

Ragab

Mahdy

2019

Journal of Environmental Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AFIT, a regional blood center located in northern Pakistan in the Punjab province, serves the armed forces hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, and civilian hospitals in the region [13]. A total of 267,918 blood donations were screened during the study of which 1.45% were reactive for HBsAg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B genotypes and surface antigen mutants present in Pakistani blood donors

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is 2–4% in the Pakistani population, defining Pakistan as an intermediate prevalence country. In this study, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reactive blood donations were screened using a combination of serological and molecular methods to identify immune escape HBV mutant strains and to determine the HBV genotypes and subtypes present in Pakistan.MethodsBlood donations were collected at the Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion (AFIT) located in northern Pakistan and the Hussaini Blood Bank (HBB) located in the south. From 2009 to 2013 a total of 706,575 donations were screened with 2.04% (14,409) HBsAg reactive. A total of 2055 HBsAg reactive specimens, were collected and screened using a monoclonal antibody based research assay to identify immune escape mutants followed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing to identify the mutation present. DNA sequences obtained from 192 specimens, including mutant candidates and wild type strains, were analyzed for escape mutations, genotype, and HBsAg subtype.ResultsMutations were identified in approximately 14% of HBsAg reactive donations. Mutations at HBsAg amino acid positions 143–145 are the most common (46%) with the mutation serine 143 to leucine the most frequently occurring change (28%). While regional differences were observed, the most prevalent HBV strains are subgenotypes of D with subgenotype D1/subtype ayw2 accounting for the majority of infections; 90.2% at AFIT and 52.5% at HBB.ConclusionsThe high frequency of immune escape HBV mutants in HBV infected Pakistani blood donors highlights the need for more studies into the prevalence of escape mutants. Differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, the correlation of escape mutant frequency with genotype, and impact of escape mutations in different genotype backgrounds on the performance of commercially available HBsAg assays represent avenues for further investigation.

show abstract

“…The Punjab Province in India is near the border of Pakistan where two recent minipool NAT blood screening studies reported similar (or even higher) HBV and HCV yield rates than in our study, although NAT confirmation testing procedures differed. The serologic reactivity (in mainly first‐time donors) in India and Pakistan is frequently not confirmed by repeat testing, or by testing for alternative markers .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, our algorithm eliminated discriminatory testing in 57 (0·15%) ID‐NAT non‐RR (and likely false IR) donations. The complexity of our repeat testing algorithm could be significantly reduced by obtaining the discriminatory results during the initial screening itself (using multidye probe technology); however, based on our observations and those of other investigators , repeat testing with an alternate sample from the donor or donation remains a necessity. As mentioned earlier, studies from Pakistan and South Africa showing 37–59% false ID‐NAT RR results serve as a caution against using the result of a single minipool resolution test or repeat ID‐NAT (or discriminatory) tests on the primary screening tube.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The benefit of NAT cannot be determined without rigorous confirmatory testing procedures for yield donations. One study from North Pakistan in a military blood bank managed to organize donor follow‐up testing, which is ideal to confirm WP and OBI NAT yields. However, in most blood banks in our region, this is not feasible, and replicate NAT testing of samples from the FFP unit is then the second best option .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A nucleic acid amplification repeat testing algorithm reveals high risk of hepatitis B and C transmission with serologic blood screening practice in Punjab, India

Kumar

Lelie²,

Kumar

et al. 2017

ISBT Science Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Lack of confirmatory testing of reactive donations for hepatitis C (HCV), B (HBV) and human immunodeficiency (HIV) viruses hampers reliable residual transmission risk analysis in India. Materials and Methods In our centre, 39 295 blood donations were tested for HIV Ag/Ab, anti‐HCV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by a variety of ELISAs and in parallel by individual donation nucleic acid amplification technology (ID‐NAT). NAT yields were confirmed by triplicate repeat reactivity in primary test‐tube and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) samples as well as by viral load (VL) testing and supplemental serologic assays. Results NAT and serology concordant reactive results included 23 (0·06%), 290 (0·74%) and 254 (0·65%) donations for HIV, HCV and HBV, respectively. Additionally, 15 HCV (1/2620) and 29 HBV (1/1355) seronegative NAT yield donations were confirmed. HBV marker testing identified three (1/13 100) window period (WP), 25 (1/1637) occult HBV infection (OBI) and one anti‐HBs breakthrough infection. ID‐NAT has reduced residual risk of infection from 1/2600 to 1/270 000 for HCV WP, 1/8000 to 1/21 000 for HBV WP and 1/11 000 to 1/66 000 for OBI. Conclusion A NAT repeat test algorithm was instrumental for confirmation of viral infection and revealed high residual risk of hepatitis B and C transmission by the practiced ELISA blood testing.

show abstract

Impact of nucleic acid amplification test on screening of blood donors in Northern Pakistan

Abstract: NAT has improved the safety of blood products at our transfusion institution. Confirmation of NAT results must always be done either on follow-up samples or on samples from the retrieved frozen plasma bag.

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Assessing Nucleic Acid Testing Versus Eliza for Blood Viruses Detection in Some Blood Banks

Assessing Nucleic Acid Testing Versus Eliza for Blood Viruses Detection in Some Blood Banks

Hepatitis B genotypes and surface antigen mutants present in Pakistani blood donors

A nucleic acid amplification repeat testing algorithm reveals high risk of hepatitis B and C transmission with serologic blood screening practice in Punjab, India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About