Impact of Mycotoxins on Human Health

Freire, F. das C. O.; Rocha, Maria Edite Bezerra da

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19456-1_21-1

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Indeed, fungi are found growing on crops and foodstuffs (cereals, nuts, spices, dried fruits, apples and coffee beans). The health effect of fungal infection due to mycotoxin contamination depends on the degree of contamination (Freire, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 Content of some Local Rice Cultivars in Kaduna State-Nigeria

Feka

Anhwange

Adie

2020

Nig Ann pure App Sci

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Thirty-nine samples of rice were collected from thirteen Local Government Areas in Kaduna State and analysed for Aflatoxin B1 using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Concentrations of aflatoxin B1 was highest (177.2 µg/kg), in sample obtained at Sanga Local Government Area. These values were above the permissible limits described by some regulatory bodies like National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), European Union (EU) and European African Community (EAC). The concentrations (0.3µg/kg) of samples obtained from Kauru Local Government Area were observed to be the lowest. Generally, the rice samples investigated were found to contain varying concentrations of aflatoxin B1. This implies that direct consumption of the rice without pretreatment to reduce the aflatoxin content could be detrimental to health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 Content of some Local Rice Cultivars in Kaduna State-Nigeria

Feka

Anhwange

Adie

2020

Nig Ann pure App Sci

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“…Mycotoxins are low molecular weight (approximately 700) natural products produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi mainly, although not exclusively, when they reach maturity [1]. Unlike primary metabolites, these compounds are believed to have no function in the life cycle of the producer cell [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike primary metabolites, these compounds are believed to have no function in the life cycle of the producer cell [2]. They can be found as natural contaminants in many vegetal foods or feeds, including nuts (almonds and walnuts), cereals (rice, wheat, and maize), oilseeds (soybean, peanuts), fruits, dried fruits, spices, beans, forage, wines, and grape juices, or in foods of animal origin, such as milk, eggs, and meat [1,2]. Alternatively, exposure to these toxins can be by inhalation of dust containing mycotoxigenic fungal spores [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be found as natural contaminants in many vegetal foods or feeds, including nuts (almonds and walnuts), cereals (rice, wheat, and maize), oilseeds (soybean, peanuts), fruits, dried fruits, spices, beans, forage, wines, and grape juices, or in foods of animal origin, such as milk, eggs, and meat [1,2]. Alternatively, exposure to these toxins can be by inhalation of dust containing mycotoxigenic fungal spores [1]. Regardless of the way they come in contact with humans or domestic animals, including birds, they may cause lowered performance, sickness, or even death even at very low concentrations [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of the way they come in contact with humans or domestic animals, including birds, they may cause lowered performance, sickness, or even death even at very low concentrations [3,4]. Their range of actions includes cytotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, and estrogenic effects [1,2]. In any case, their effect on health depends on factors such as the concentration in the contaminated food and the exposure time, the synergistic effect of other mycotoxins, and environmental factors associated especially with the storage conditions of the foodstuff [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioinspired recognition elements for mycotoxin sensors

2017

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Mycotoxins are low molecular weight molecules produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi that can be found as natural contaminants in many foods and feeds. These toxins have been shown to have adverse effects on both human and animal health, and are the cause of significant economic losses worldwide. Sensors for mycotoxin analysis have traditionally applied elements of biological origin for the selective recognition purposes. However, since the 1970s there has been an exponential growth in the use of genetically engineered or synthetic biomimetic recognition elements that allow some of the limitations associated with the use of natural receptors for the analyses of these toxins to be circumvented. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the application of bioinspired recognition elements, including recombinant antibodies, peptides, aptamers, and molecularly imprinted polymers, to the development of sensors for mycotoxins based on different transduction elements. Graphical abstract Novel analytical methods based on bioinspired recognition elements, such as recombinant antibodies, peptides, aptamers, and molecularly imprinted polymers, can improve the detection of mycotoxins and provide better tools than their natural counterparts to ensure food safety.

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Cocoa‐associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus

et al. 2023

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Aflatoxin and other mycotoxin contamination are major threats to global food security and present an urgent need to secure the global food crop against spoilage by mycotoxigenic fungi. Cocoa material is noted for naturally low aflatoxin contamination. This study was designed to assess the potential for harnessing cocoa‐associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The candidate fungi were isolated from fermented cocoa beans collected from four cocoa‐growing areas in Ghana. Molecular characterization included Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS)‐sequencing for identification and polymer chain reaction (PCR) to determine mating type. Effects of the candidate isolates on growth and aflatoxin‐production by an aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolate (BANGA1) were assessed. Aflatoxin production was monitored by UV fluorescence and quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty‐six filamentous fungi were cultured and identified as Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Lichtheimia, or Trichoderma spp. isolates. The isolates generally interacted negatively with BANGA1 growth and aflatoxin production. The Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus aculeatus biocontrol candidates showed the strongest colony antagonism (54%–94%) and reduction in aflatoxin production (12%–50%) on agar. In broth, the A. niger isolates reduced aflatoxin production by up to 97%. Metabolites from the A. niger isolates showed the strongest inhibition of growth by BANGA1 and inhibited aflatoxin production. Four of the candidate isolates belonged to the MAT1‐1 mating type and 12 identified as MAT1‐2. This may be indicative of the potential for genetic recombination events between fungi in the field, a finding which is particularly relevant to the risk posed by A. flavus biocontrol measures that rely on atoxigenic A. flavus strains.

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Impact of Mycotoxins on Human Health

Cited by 16 publications

References 80 publications

Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 Content of some Local Rice Cultivars in Kaduna State-Nigeria

Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 Content of some Local Rice Cultivars in Kaduna State-Nigeria

Bioinspired recognition elements for mycotoxin sensors

Cocoa‐associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus

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