Impact of monovalent and divalent cationic and anionic ions on wettability alteration of dolomite rocks

In this study, we initially performed interfacial tension (IFT) tests to investigate the potential of using the Persian Gulf seawater (PGSW) as smart water with different concentrations of NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, and Na2SO4. Next, for each salt, at the concentration where IFT was minimum, we conducted contact angle, zeta potential, and micromodel flooding tests. The results showed that IFT is minimized if NaCl or KCl is removed from PGSW; thus, for solutions lacking NaCl and KCl, the IFT values were obtained at 26.29 and 26.56 mN/m, respectively. Conversely, in the case of divalent ions, minimum IFT occurred when the concentration of MgCl2, CaCl2, and Na2SO4 in PGSW increased. Specifically, a threefold rise in the concentration of Na2SO4 further reduced IFT as compared to optimal concentrations of MgCl2 or CaCl2. It should be mentioned that eliminating NaCl from PGSW resulted in the lowest IFT value compared to adding or removing other ions. Whereas the removal of NaCl caused the contact angle to decrease from 91.0° to 67.8° relative to PGSW and changed surface wettability to weakly water-wet, eliminating KCl did not considerably change the contact angle, such that it only led to a nine-degree reduction in this angle relative to PGSW and left wettability in the same neutral-wet condition. At optimal concentrations of MgCl2, CaCl2, and Na2SO4, only an increase in Na2SO4 concentration in PGSW could change wettability from neutral-wet to weakly water-wet. For solutions with optimal concentrations, the removal of NaCl or KCl caused the rock surface to have slightly higher negative charges, and increasing the concentration of divalent ions led to a small reduction in the negative charge of the surface. The results of micromodel flooding indicated that NaCl-free PGSW could raise oil recovery by 10.12% relative to PGSW. Furthermore, when the Na2SO4 concentration in PGSW was tripled, the oil recovery increased by 7.34% compared to PGSW. Accordingly, depending on the conditions, it is possible to use PGSW so as to enhance the efficiency of oil recovery by removing NaCl or by increasing the concentration of Na2SO4 three times.

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“…In other words, based on Eqs. (2) and (3), the formation of ion-pairs is between Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and SO 4 2− (Moosavi et al 2019).…”

Section: Effect Of Pgsw With Different Salinities On Contact Angle and Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 97%

Application of ion-engineered Persian Gulf seawater in EOR: effects of different ions on interfacial tension, contact angle, zeta potential, and oil recovery

Dehaghani

Elyaderani

2021

Pet. Sci.

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“…Then, the X c , R, and Z c parameters of the eqn (11) are fitted to points X e and Z. Finally, the height of the droplets (H ds ) is calculated using eqn (12). 2 (11)…”

Section: Effect Of Smart Water On the Surface Affinity Of Calcite Tow...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SW ions can interact with rock surfaces and crude oil, which leads to several effects that can improve crude oil recovery. 12,13 For example, SW can reduce the interfacial tension between crude oil and water, favouring crude oil displacement. [14][15][16][17] Likewise, SW can alter the wettability of the rock surface, making it more water-wet and therefore easy to detach the crude oil from the rock surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity and pH effects on water–oil–calcite interfaces by using molecular dynamics

Arboleda-Lamus,

Muñoz-Rugeles,

del Campo

et al. 2024

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Global energy demand is increasing because of rapid population growth and industrialization, and this trend is expected to continue. The rising global energy demand necessitates an increase in energy supply. − The petroleum industry contributes significantly to meeting the world’s growing energy demand. , However, primary and secondary oil recovery processes leave a significant amount of oil (more than 50% of original oil-in-place) in geologic formations. − Moreover, the option of exploring new oil deposits is capital-intensive and involves a degree of high uncertainty. There have, thus, been developments to improve oil recovery by enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, such as thermal EOR (TEOR), − microbial EOR (MEOR), − gas EOR, − and chemical EOR (CEOR) technologies, − as depicted in Figure .…”

Section: Background Of Surfactant Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Potential Application of Saponin-Based Natural Surfactants for Green Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery: Perspectives and Progresses

et al. 2023

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Synthetic chemical surfactants deployed in the petroleum industry to improve oil recovery to meet growing global energy demand are described to have detrimental environmental impacts and are expensive. In recent times, the exploration of saponin-rich plants as a substitute for environmentally threatening synthetic surfactants has garnered significant interest from researchers. Saponin-based natural surfactants (SBNSs) are nontoxic, biodegradable, and possess desirable properties for use in the oil and gas industry. This paper reviews the potential application of saponin-based natural surfactants in enhanced oil recovery processes that coincide with the interests of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 7 for Affordable and Clean Energy. We reviewed the mechanisms of saponin-based natural surfactants in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), surfactant adsorption, and the recent advances in utilizing saponin-based natural surfactants for EOR purposes. We also provided a comprehensive analysis of the impact of salinity and temperature on the performance of SBNSs. Moreover, the study also presented the economic feasibility and limitations of SBNSs for field enhanced oil recovery applications. We identified that a good number of SBNSs can withstand harsh reservoir conditions, optimize interfacial tension by as high as 95.82% (although not to ultralow levels), and alter rock wettability from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, thereby reducing the contact angle by 3.64% to 87.5%. SBNSs also successfully yielded a high incremental oil recovery factor of up to 36% in the postsecondary recovery stage. The advent of techniques, such as alkali incorporation and nanotechnology, support the achievement of ultralow interfacial tension, mitigation of surfactant adsorption, and oil recovery improvement. Future studies can adopt the recommendations outlined in this study to minimize uncertainty in the utilization of SBNSs and enhance their design for "green" chemical enhanced oil recovery applications.

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Impact of monovalent and divalent cationic and anionic ions on wettability alteration of dolomite rocks

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Application of ion-engineered Persian Gulf seawater in EOR: effects of different ions on interfacial tension, contact angle, zeta potential, and oil recovery

Application of ion-engineered Persian Gulf seawater in EOR: effects of different ions on interfacial tension, contact angle, zeta potential, and oil recovery

Salinity and pH effects on water–oil–calcite interfaces by using molecular dynamics

Review on Potential Application of Saponin-Based Natural Surfactants for Green Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery: Perspectives and Progresses

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