Impact of Moderate to Severe Mitral and Tricuspid Valves Regurgitation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Abstract

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and mitral regurgitation (MR) are common valvular conditions encountered in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This retrospective study investigates the impact of moderate or severe TR and MR on all-cause mortality in one-year post-TAVI patients. Consecutive patients who underwent TAVI at our institution between 2012 and 2018 were identified. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on valvular regurgitation severity: moderate/severe MR vs. no/mild MR, and moderate/severe TR vs. no/mild TR. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 1-year follow up, and secondary outcome was in-hospital death. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between moderate/severe MR or TR and all-cause mortality at 1-year follow-up. We included a total of 1,071 patients who underwent TAVI with mean age 80.9 ± 8.6 years, 97% white, and 58.3% males. Moderate or severe MR group included 52 (4.88%) patients while mild or no MR group included 1,015 (95.12%) patients. There was no significant difference between both groups in TAVI procedure success rate (100% vs. 97.83%, p=0.283), in-hospital mortality (0 vs. 1.08%, p=0.450), or mortality at 1-year follow up (15.38% vs. 14.09%, p=0.794). In the logistic regression analysis, moderate or severe MR did not show significant correlation with all-cause mortality at 1-year follow up (OR 0.88, 95% CI [0.38 - 1.99], p=0.761). Moderate or severe TR group included 86 (8.03%) patients while mild or no TR group included 985 (91.97%) patients. There was no difference between both groups in TAVI procedure success (98.8% vs. 97.9%, p=0.54) or in-hospital mortality (0% vs. 1.1%, p=0.33). At 1-year follow up, patients with moderate or severe TR had higher mortality (26.7% vs. 13.2%, p=0.001) compared to patients with mild or no TR. In the logistic regression analysis, moderate or severe TR was correlated with higher all-cause mortality at 1-year (OR 1.89, 95% CI [1.07, 3.34], P=0.027). At 1 year follow up, moderate/severe TR, but not MR, is associated with higher mortality in patients underwent TAVI. Careful assessment of multi-valvular heart disease prior to the procedure is warranted.