Impact of metritis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by circulating phagocytes and plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration in peripartum dairy cows

Magata, Fumie; Morino, Ikumi; Teramura, Makoto; Tsunoda, Ei; Kawashima, Chiho; Haneda, Shingo; Miyamoto, Akio; Kida, Katsuya; Shimizu, Takashi

doi:10.1111/asj.12642

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Plasma LPS concentrations are consistently higher in cows with metritis than in healthy cows 0-3 weeks postpartum [27], despite the resolution of symptoms of systemic illness within 1 week postpartum. Usually, circulating LPS is immediately detoxified by hepatocytes in the liver.…”

Section: Lps In Peripheral Bloodmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanisms of ovarian dysfunction in cows with uterine inflammatory diseases

Magata

2020

J. Reprod. Dev.

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Uterine inflammatory diseases commonly occur in postpartum dairy cows, resulting in reduced reproductive performance due to aberrant uterine and ovarian activity. Infection of the uterus with gram-negative bacteria results in the detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the plasma and follicular fluid of cows along with uterine inflammation. LPS acts on follicular components such as theca cells, granulosa cells, and follicle-enclosed oocytes, leading to impaired follicular activity. Follicles with a high LPS environment exhibit reduced follicular steroidogenesis due to the inhibition of steroidogenic enzyme transcription. Primary cell cultures of bovine granulosa and theca cells have shown that LPS acts on follicular cells to impair steroid production, which may disturb follicle growth and/or reduce their ability to ovulate. Even if ovulation occurs, cows with uterine inflammation are less likely to conceive because in addition to uterine damage, LPS also impairs the developmental competence of oocytes. LPS perturbs the nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes. Moreover, oocytes matured in an LPS treatment are less likely to develop into the blastocyst stage. Such oocytes also have a reduced number of trophoblast cells in blastocysts. Therefore, the detrimental effects of LPS on ovarian activity may be partly responsible for infertility in cows with uterine inflammation. Novel treatment and prevention strategies for uterine inflammatory diseases can be developed by advancing our knowledge of the pathophysiology underlying ovarian dysfunction, and this can only be achieved by further research. The present review outlines the molecular pathogenesis of LPS-induced ovarian dysfunction.

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Section: Lps In Peripheral Bloodmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Plasma LPS concentrations increase in cows with subacute rumen acidosis [24], mastitis [25,26], and uterine inflammation. LPS has been detected in the plasma of cows with metritis [27,28] and endometritis [29], suggesting that it is absorbed from the uterus and transferred to the bloodstream.…”

Section: Lps In Peripheral Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanisms of ovarian dysfunction in cows with uterine inflammatory diseases

Magata

2020

J. Reprod. Dev.

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“…Our data indicate that the expression of IL‐1β in PMNs and that of TNFα in PBMC were higher in the RFM cows compared to control cows during postpartum period. These data might suggest that uterine inflammation occurred in RFM cows, as bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is increased in the peripheral blood during uterine inflammation (Magata et al., ) and stimulates the production of IL‐1β and TNFα from neutrophils and macrophages, respectively (Beutler, Hoebe, Du, & Ulevitch, ). In addition, IL‐10 plays an important role in immune cell function; IL‐10 inhibits LPS‐mediated induction of IL‐1β (Fiorentino, Zlotnik, Mosmann, Howard, & O'Garra, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of leukocyte counts and expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in peripheral leukocytes in periparturient dairy cows with retained fetal membranes

Shimizu

Morino

Kitaoka

et al. 2018

Animal Science Journal

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In dairy cows, retained fetal membranes (RFM) affect reproductive performance. The aim of this study was to examine the leukocyte counts and the gene expression of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-8, and IL-10 in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in cows with (n = 5) or without (n = 5) RFM during the peripartum period. The lymphocyte counts in RFM cows were higher than those in control cows throughout the experiment (p < .05). The expression of IL-8 in PMNs of control cows was higher (p < .05) compared with that of RFM cows postpartum. In cows with RFM, IL-1β expression was higher (p < .05) in PMNs at 6 weeks postpartum whereas the expression of IL-1β was lower (p < .05) in PBMCs at 4 weeks postpartum. The expression of IL-10 in PBMCs of control cows was higher (p < .05) than that of RFM cows at 2 weeks prepartum and 4 weeks postpartum. Taken together, our data indicate that changes of gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in RFM cows might be associated with the delayed placental separation and development of uterine inflammation in RFM cows.

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“…The relationship between uterine health status (UHS), as indicated by VD, and oxidative stress is unclear. Previous studies showed that metritis and VD were associated with increased oxidative stress (Kizil et al, 2010, Magata et al, 2016, but not all (Bicalho et al, 2014). To our knowledge the relationships between inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress with uterine health in dairy cows with different dry period lengths is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In addition, levels of ROM were negatively associated with level of paraoxonase in plasma (r = -0.19, P < 0.01). Cows with acute puerperal metritis had higher oxidative stress, indicated by high malondialdehyde concentrations compared with healthy cows (Kizil et al, 2010, Magata et al, 2016. Increased plasma malondialdehyde concentration which is a thiobarbituric acid reactive species, indicate oxidative status .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of dry period length and dietary energy source on physiological health variables in dairy cows and calves

Mayasari¹

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During the transition period, dairy cows experience a negative energy balance (NEB) caused by the high energy requirement for milk yield, while feed intake is limited. Severity of the NEB has been associated with an increased incidence of metabolic disorders and infectious diseases, inflammation, immunosuppression and oxidative stress. It is known that shortening or omitting the dry period or feeding a glucogenic ration improves the energy balance (EB) in dairy cows in early lactation. It can be expected that an improvement of the EB due to shortening or omitting the dry period results in reduced inflammation, immunosuppression and less oxidative stress in dairy cows in early lactation. The first objective of this thesis was to study the effects of dry period length and dietary energy source on immune competence, inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in dairy cows over 2 subsequent lactations. The second objective was to study the consequences of maternal dry period length on colostrum immunoglobulin content and immune competence of calves in the first 12 weeks of life. In the current study, 167 cows were assigned to 3 dry period lengths (0, 30, or 60 d) and 2 early lactation rations (glucogenic or lipogenic). Cows were planned to have the same dry period length and ration over 2 subsequent lactations. Omitting the dry period reduced plasma bilirubin levels compared with a conventional dry period, which is line with the better EB in cows with a 0-d dry period. Effects of dry period length on inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress variables and natural antibodies (NAb) titers were, however, less consistent. Omitting the dry period increased not only negative acute phase proteins (APP) in plasma, but also positive APP, oxidative stress variables in plasma, and NAb in milk. Shortening the dry period to 30-d did not influence inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress compared with a conventional dry period of 60-d. Occurrence of clinical health problems did not differ between cows with different dry period lengths. In the current study, changes in positive APP and oxidative stress variables in plasma and NAb in milk could be explained by the occurrence of clinical health problems related to inflammation (clinical mastitis, fever, metritis and retained placenta), rather than a better EB due to a shorter or no dry period. Moreover, a higher titer of IgG binding lipopolysaccharide in plasma was associated with decreased odds of high somatic cell count and occurrence of clinical mastitis. In the first lactation after implementation of dry period length and dietary treatments, feeding a glucogenic ration in early lactation increased NAb titers in milk compared with a lipogenic ration, which could be explained partly by a better EB. In the second lactation after implementation of dry period length and dietary treatments, feeding a lipogenic ration in early lactation increased cholesterol levels in plasma compared with a glucogenic ration, which could be related to the high fat content in this ration. Cows with...

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Impact of metritis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by circulating phagocytes and plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration in peripartum dairy cows

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanisms of ovarian dysfunction in cows with uterine inflammatory diseases

Lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanisms of ovarian dysfunction in cows with uterine inflammatory diseases

Changes of leukocyte counts and expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in peripheral leukocytes in periparturient dairy cows with retained fetal membranes

Consequences of dry period length and dietary energy source on physiological health variables in dairy cows and calves

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