Impact of Meningococcal Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccines on Carriage and Herd Immunity

Abstract

The impact of vaccination with MCC vaccine on the prevalence of carriage of group C meningococci was consistent with herd immunity. The high impact on the carriage of ST-11 complex serogroup C could be attributed to high levels of capsule expression. High vaccine efficacy against disease in young children, who were not protected long-term by the schedule initially used, is attributed to the high vaccine efficacy against carriage in older age groups.

Reduction inNeisseria meningitidisinfection in Italy after Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine introduction: A time trend analysis of 1994–2012 series

“…Although Regions started to deliver MCC from 2005, the vaccination became free of charge from 2009-2010. 26 Therefore, vaccination coverage is deeply heterogeneous among Italian Regions, ranging from 37.4% to 93.2% in 24 months old children in 2012. 26 Results are very far from the 95% coverage goal set by the 2012-2014 National Immunization Plan.…”

“…26 Therefore, vaccination coverage is deeply heterogeneous among Italian Regions, ranging from 37.4% to 93.2% in 24 months old children in 2012. 26 Results are very far from the 95% coverage goal set by the 2012-2014 National Immunization Plan. 9 In this light, catch up programs could be strengthened because it is well known that the impact of vaccine is also linked to its efficacy against carriage in older age groups and therefore to herd immunity.…”

“…34 Another limitation of the study is represented by the lack of data on MCC coverage which are necessary to better evaluate the impact of the vaccine. In this respect, the literature on immunization coverage of children 12-24 months old is still scant 26,35,36 but the periodic collection of data would be necessary. Our study did not investigate the difference in MCC impact across Regions which have and have not implemented catch up programs.…”

Cost-effectiveness analysis of a multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine in hypothetic epidemic situation in a middle-income country

“…42,43 Evidence from large-scale vaccination programs in Canada, Spain and the UK [43][44][45] suggest that there may be benefits on the herd immunity associated with meningococcal vaccination, at least in some populations, 46 situation that theoretically could occur with the NmenB vaccine improving its cost effectiveness.…”

Is a single infant priming dose of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine in the United Kingdom sufficient?

“…At 1 y following the introduction of MCC vaccines, a 66% reduction in carriage of MenC meningococci was reported. 4 …”