Impact of Melatonin and Molecular Clockwork Components on the Expression of Thyrotropin β-Chain (Tshb) and the Tsh Receptor in the Mouse Pars Tuberalis

Unfried, Claudia; Ansari, Nariman; Yasuo, Shinobu; Korf, Horst‐Werner; Gall, Charlotte von

doi:10.1210/en.2009-0609

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, we found that melatonin treatment alters TSH immunoreactivity and the number of TSH cells in the rat PT (Sakamoto et al 2000). Another group also reported that acute melatonin injection suppresses TSHb mRNA expression in the mouse PT (Unfried et al 2009). Taken together, these findings suggest that TSHb and aGSU mRNA expression in the PT is negatively regulated by melatonin.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…In fact, TSHb and aGSU mRNA expression exhibits diurnal variations, and the chronic administration of melatonin significantly suppresses TSHb and aGSU mRNA expression in the PT (Aizawa et al 2007). The 5 0 -upstream region of the TSHb gene, including an E-box-like element and cAMP response-like element, can be upregulated by the clock proteins BMAL1 and CLOCK, which are expressed in the PT (Unfried et al 2009). In addition, Eya3, which is a transcription factor expressed in the PT, and Six1 synergistically induce TSHb expression via the six consensus sequence, and the activation of the TSHb promoter is further enhanced by Tef and Hlf via the D-box (Masumoto et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutamine and glutamic acid enhance thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis

Aizawa¹,

Sakai²,

Sakata³

2012

Journal of Endocrinology

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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-producing cells of the pars tuberalis (PT) display distinct characteristics that differ from those of the pars distalis (PD). The mRNA expression of TSHb and aGSU in PT has a circadian rhythm and is inhibited by melatonin via melatonin receptor type 1; however, the detailed regulatory mechanism for TSHb expression in the PT remains unclear. To identify the factors that affect PT, a microarray analysis was performed on lasercaptured PT tissue to screen for genes coding for receptors that are abundantly expressed in the PT. In the PT, we found high expression of the KA2, which is an ionotropic glutamic acid receptor (iGluR). In addition, the amino acid transporter A2 (ATA2), also known as the glutamine transporter, and glutaminase (GLS ), as well as GLS2, were highly expressed in the PT compared to the PD. We examined the effects of glutamine and glutamic acid on TSHb expression and aGSU expression in PT slice cultures. L-Glutamine and L-glutamic acid significantly stimulated TSHb expression in PT slices after 2-and 4-h treatments, and the effect of L-glutamic acid was stronger than that of L-glutamine. In contrast, treatment with glutamine and glutamic acid did not affect aGSU expression in the PT or the expression of TSHb or aGSU in the PD. These results strongly suggest that glutamine is taken up by PT cells through ATA2 and that glutamic acid locally converted from glutamine by Gls induces TSHb expression via the KA2 in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner in the PT.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine and glutamic acid enhance thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis

Aizawa¹,

Sakai²,

Sakata³

2012

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In this work, C3H mice (wild-type: WT) and animals of the same strain lacking a functional Period1 gene (Per1 2/2 ) [12,15,16] were compared regarding body weight, ultrasonic vocalization (USV) and various tests for the comparison of innate routine behaviour [1,17 -23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clock genePeriod1regulates innate routine behaviour in mice

et al. 2014

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Laboratory mice are well capable of performing innate routine behaviour programmes necessary for courtship, nest-building and exploratory activities although housed for decades in animal facilities. We found that in mice inactivation of the clock gene Period1 profoundly changes innate routine behaviour programmes like those necessary for courtship, nest building, exploration and learning. These results in wild-type and Period1 mutant mice, together with earlier findings on courtship behaviour in wild-type and period-mutant Drosophila melanogaster, suggest a conserved role of Period-genes on innate routine behaviour. Additionally, both per-mutant flies and Period1-mutant mice display spatial learning and memory deficits. The profound influence of Period1 on routine behaviour programmes in mice, including female partner choice, may be independent of its function as a circadian clock gene, since Period1-deficient mice display normal circadian behaviour.

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“…Short‐term slice cultures of adult mouse hypothalamus have been shown to be responsive to thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) after 4 hours ex vivo , upregulating Dio2 expression and downregulating Dio3 in the ependymal cell layer of the ventromedial hypothalamus (Unfried et al, 2009). TSH was used as a positive control to test the response of tanycytes in cultured rat slices to a hormonal signal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormone activation of retinoic acid synthesis in hypothalamic tanycytes

Stoney

Helfer

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Glia

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Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for adult brain function and its actions include several key roles in the hypothalamus. Although TH controls gene expression via specific TH receptors of the nuclear receptor class, surprisingly few genes have been demonstrated to be directly regulated by TH in the hypothalamus, or the adult brain as a whole. This study explored the rapid induction by TH of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Raldh1), encoding a retinoic acid (RA)‐synthesizing enzyme, as a gene specifically expressed in hypothalamic tanycytes, cells that mediate a number of actions of TH in the hypothalamus. The resulting increase in RA may then regulate gene expression via the RA receptors, also of the nuclear receptor class. In vivo exposure of the rat to TH led to a significant and rapid increase in hypothalamic Raldh1 within 4 hours. That this may lead to an in vivo increase in RA is suggested by the later induction by TH of the RA‐responsive gene Cyp26b1. To explore the actions of RA in the hypothalamus as a potential mediator of TH control of gene regulation, an ex vivo hypothalamic rat slice culture method was developed in which the Raldh1‐expressing tanycytes were maintained. These slice cultures confirmed that TH did not act on genes regulating energy balance but could induce Raldh1. RA has the potential to upregulate expression of genes involved in growth and appetite, Ghrh and Agrp. This regulation is acutely sensitive to epigenetic changes, as has been shown for TH action in vivo. These results indicate that sequential triggering of two nuclear receptor signalling systems has the capability to mediate some of the functions of TH in the hypothalamus. GLIA 2016;64:425–439

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Impact of Melatonin and Molecular Clockwork Components on the Expression of Thyrotropin β-Chain (Tshb) and the Tsh Receptor in the Mouse Pars Tuberalis

Cited by 55 publications

References 39 publications

Glutamine and glutamic acid enhance thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis

Glutamine and glutamic acid enhance thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit mRNA expression in the rat pars tuberalis

The clock genePeriod1regulates innate routine behaviour in mice

Thyroid hormone activation of retinoic acid synthesis in hypothalamic tanycytes

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