Impact of man on the coastal environment / technical editor, Thomas W. Duke.

Abstract

DISCLAIMER Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. u FOREWORDThe formation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 ushered in the first decade of environmental awareness as a total national phenomenon. It was a decade punctuated by major Congressional mandates to restore the nation's waters, to reduce air pollution, and to find a comprehensive approach to other environmental problems-those associated with pesticide use, hazardous waste disposal and toxic substances. It was a decade underscored by the demand for new technology and better science to answer environmental questions and to solve environmental problems.As the scientific and technical arm of the Agency, The Office of Research and Development is responsible for advancing the state of knowledge about the environment such that critical issues and questions can be addressed and answered effectively, based on the application of state-of-the-art science and technology. In the years since 1970. The Office of Research and Development has produced manifold increases in the data base from which environmental decisions are made and in the sophistication of the understanding which has provided the basis for decisions. This volume represents our effort to take stock of scientific advances in research pertaining to the coastal environment since the inception of the Agency and to gauge what progress has been made and what remains to be accomplished. The essays in this volume present a range of perspectives on the subject, from the vantage points of the scientific and technical disciplines which have been carrying out relevant research. The points of view represented are varied and sometimes conflicting. But scientific progress depends on just such diversity. The authors at times have speculated about emerging problems and research needs. Such attempts require extrapolation based upon informed scientific judgment. The outcome of that process must, in the final analysis, be recognized as opinion and not fact.in PREFACE This publication is one of several monographs prepared to commemorate the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's tenth anniversary. It is fortuitous but appropriate for the Agency to begin publication of a monograph on "The Impact of Man on the Coastal Environment" in 1980, which was officially designated by the President as "Year of the Coast." The Environmental Protection Agency was created in 1970 by Executive Order to focus, within one agency, all regulatory-related pollution research conducted by the federal government. Such a mission includes research on the coastal environment, where human land-based activities often interface with productive coastal waters. In the context of this monograph, the coastal environment includes estuarine and marine waters.The purpose of the monograph is to provide scholarly discussions of some major coastal problems that were addressed during the past decade. The authors of these chapters were chosen because of their expertise in specific aspe...

Subconvexity for symmetric square $L$-functions

“…for primitive Dirichlet characters χ of conductor M. Burgess employed an ingenious technique to bound short character sums by higher moments of complete character sums, for which one has strong bounds coming from the Riemann hypothesis for curves on finite fields (Weil's theorem). Similar subconvex bound in the level aspect for GL(2) L-functions was first obtained by Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec [3] using the amplification technique. For f a newform of level M and trivial nebentypus their result gives the subconvex bound…”

Shifted convolution sums for GL(3)×GL(2)

“…Our job now is to get a nontrivial estimate for (13), beyond square-root cancellation in the character sum S(m 1 , m 2 , n, h; q). For h = 0, the zero shift, the character sum S(m 1 , m 2 , n, 0; q) can be evaluated precisely, and then one can use the large sieve inequality of Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec [8] for Kloosterman fractions to get extra cancellation on the sum over n and m. Alternatively one can use reciprocity and then Voronoi yet again on the sum over m 2 , to get a much better result. However for non-zero shift the character sum S(m 1 , m 2 , n, h; q) can not be computed explicitly, and hence it is not clear how to obtain extra cancellation.…”

“…Non-trivial bound of this sum often has deep implications, e.g. subconvexity and equidistribution (QUE) (see [2], [6], [7], [11], [12], [13], [14], [16], [17], [18], [20], [24]). In this paper we will consider a higher rank analogue -…”

The circle method and bounds for $L$-functions - I

“…For number fields, t-aspect subconvexity was achieved by Cogdell, Piatetski-Shapiro and Sarnak [5], Petridis and Sarnak [19] and Diaconu and Garrett [6]. The first subconvex bound in the M aspect (for t = 0) was obtained by Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec [7] (for holomorphic forms of full level), Bykovskii [4] (for general holomorphic forms) and later by Harcos [9], Michel [15] and Blomer, Harcos and Michel [3] (for Maass forms). Over number fields this was established by Venkatesh [21] and Blomer and Harcos [2].…”