Impact of Job Design on Employee’s Satisfaction Level in Pakistan

Abstract

Employee's satisfaction in service organization was one of the major concern of every employer to enhance the growth of the organization. This research has analyzed the perspective of different employees of public and private universities. The study examined the behavior of employee's who were asked to fill the questionnaire. This research was exploratory in nature and the measurement tool used for this study is quantitative. The Likert and dichotomous scale were used in questionnaire format. Data has been collected through properly administered questionnaire. Total respondents were 100. The research findings show that the independent variables motivation, feedback, job design, and healthy environment etc. have a significant impact on the employee's satisfaction. This research has an impact on all the small and medium scale organizations. There were some limitations due to a shortage of time and funds. That's why the large geographical area hasn't been covered. Through this research, the employees feel more comfortable in the organization and committed towards the betterment of the organization.

Understanding school enrollment in the free education era: Roadblocks to meeting the sustainability development goal

“…Some have lost their lives at school (Rahman et al, 2020), and in 2017/18, the country lost over $704 million in infrastructure costs due to terrorism (Punjab Education Sector Plan 2019/20 -2023/24, 2018 cited in Khan & Javaid, 2019). Two of the most devastating terrorist attacks in 2014, on the Army Public School (APS) and Bacha Khan University, left parents and students too frightened to patronize schools with inadequate security (Hussain, 2016;Khan & Javaid, 2019). In addition, later studies showed that the core terrorism target in Pakistan is female education institutions, making girls-only schools more exposed to bombardments and strikes.…”

“…In addition, later studies showed that the core terrorism target in Pakistan is female education institutions, making girls-only schools more exposed to bombardments and strikes. As a result, parents hesitate to send their children to high-risk and single-sex schools (e.g., Hussain, 2016;Khan & Javaid, 2019;Rahman et al, 2020). Simultaneously, there are cases in Pakistan where 42% of rural boys-only schools were utterly destroyed by terrorist attacks (Chitrali et al, 2013).…”

“…In earlier times, school bombings and attacks usually occurred in city schools where many civilians and government officials lived (Rahman et al, 2020). However, in recent years, due to high safety alerts in Pakistani cities, school attacks have shifted to rural single-sex schools (Chitrali et al, 2013;Hussain, 2016;Khan & Javaid, 2019;Rahman et al, 2020). A recent Pakistani study argued that security systems/amenities are significantly higher in urban primary schools than rural ones (Hayat, 2017).…”

“…Terrorism has severely impacted Pakistan's educational system, as student enrollment is declining due to insufficient school security, boundary walls, and main gates (Adukia, 2014;Chitrali et al, 2013;Gillani, 2021;Hussain, 2016;Khan & Javaid, 2019;Miller, 2014;Rahman et al, 2020;Ramzan et al, 2017). Consequently, parents do not want to send their children to schools that lack security outdoors, boundary walls, or main gates (Chitrali et al, 2013;Guimbert et al, 2008;Hayat, 2017;Khan & Javaid, 2019;Moyi, 2012;Ramzan et al, 2017).…”

“…Simultaneously, there are cases in Pakistan where 42% of rural boys-only schools were utterly destroyed by terrorist attacks (Chitrali et al, 2013). Following the APS massacre, the Punjab government tried to equip schools with boundary walls, main gates, and personal security, but due to human and financial resource constraints, not all schools could guarantee safety (Hussain, 2016). Furthermore, these horrifying scenes have had adverse consequences not only for school infrastructure and enrollment but also for the existence of the teaching profession itself (Rahman et al, 2020).…”