Impact of intrauterine and post‐natal nutritional determinants on blood pressure at 4 years of age

Normia, Jonna; Laitinen, Kirsi; Isolauri, Erika; Poussa, Tuija; Jaakkola, Johanna; Ojala, Tiina

doi:10.1111/jhn.12115

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Normia et al . () reported that, in a small cohort of mother–child (4‐year‐old) pairs, higher maternal carbohydrate intake was associated with higher childhood systolic blood pressure and higher childhood systolic blood pressure was noted in offspring exposed to lowest or highest tertiles of maternal fat intake during pregnancy. A longer‐term follow up of Scots aged in their 40s for whom maternal food intake data were available also provided evidence that maternal intake could be a driver of intrauterine programming (Campbell et al ., ).…”

Section: Nutritional Programming During Foetal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: a review

Langley‐Evans

2014

J Human Nutrition Diet

367

291

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Foetal development and infancy are life stages that are characterised by rapid growth, development and maturation of organs and systems. Variation in the quality or quantity of nutrients consumed by mothers during pregnancy, or infants during the first year of life, can exert permanent and powerful effects upon developing tissues. These effects are termed 'programming' and represent an important risk factor for noncommunicable diseases of adulthood, including the metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease. This narrative review provides an overview of the evidence-base showing that indicators of nutritional deficit in pregnancy are associated with a greater risk of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular mortality. There is also a limited evidence-base that suggests some relationship between breastfeeding and the timing and type of foods used in weaning, and disease in later life. Many of the associations reported between indicators of early growth and adult disease appear to interact with specific genotypes. This supports the idea that programming is one of several cumulative influences upon health and disease acting across the lifespan. Experimental studies have provided important clues to the mechanisms that link nutritional challenges in early life to disease in adulthood. It is suggested that nutritional programming is a product of the altered expression of genes that regulate the cell cycle, resulting in effective remodelling of tissue structure and functionality. The observation that traits programmed by nutritional exposures in foetal life can be transmitted to further generations adds weight the argument that heritable epigenetic modifications play a critical role in nutritional programming.

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Section: Nutritional Programming During Foetal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: a review

Langley‐Evans

2014

J Human Nutrition Diet

367

291

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One cross‐sectional study reported high intakes of vitamin B 12 and folic acid to be associated with reduced BP in children . Maternal dietary characteristics such as pre‐natal fat intake and pre‐natal carbohydrate intake (between 270 and 447 g) were both associated with higher BP in one longitudinal study . Complementary feeding (time of introduction of solid food) lower than 5 months or higher than 6 months and being malnourished were also both associated with higher BP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of hypertension in children is increasing globally. Addressing this will require a robust understanding of associated risk factors. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to identify correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children. Literature searches were conducted using pre-defined search terms from three academic databases. The abstract and full text of identified studies were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. A total of 100 studies were included in this systematic review. An assessment tool was first used to assess study quality; a narrative synthesis was then performed. We found a broad range of physiological, social and behavioural factors associated with elevated BP in children. The most common correlate observed was adiposity, suggesting that childhood obesity may be implicated in the increased prevalence of hypertension observed in children. However, the broad range of other factors identified underscores the multi-factorial aetiology of hypertension. Data from a broad range of studies showed that the correlates of hypertension in children are multi-factorial. Therefore, approaches aimed at preventing hypertension must in turn be multi-factorial to ensure that the burden of hypertension in childhood is addressed.

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“…The studies included in this review comprised three articles about intervention studies, [17][18][19] of which two articles used data from the same RCT and 16 articles about observational studies, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] covering 12 mother-child cohorts ( Table 2). During the offspring follow-up, one of the intervention studies did not examine their data as intervention v. control group but combined both groups.…”

Section: Selection Of Articles and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the offspring follow-up, one of the intervention studies did not examine their data as intervention v. control group but combined both groups. 17 There were 16 articles reporting on the association of maternal diet during pregnancy with offspring's cardiovascular health [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][25][26][27][28][29][30][33][34][35] and three articles reporting on the association of maternal physical activity during pregnancy with offspring's cardiovascular health. 24,31,32 No studies included both maternal diet and physical activity in one paper, although the association T. M. van Elten et al with both maternal exposures was studied in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort at the same child age.…”

Section: Selection Of Articles and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and physical activity in pregnancy and offspring’s cardiovascular health: a systematic review

Elten

Karsten

Poppel

et al. 2018

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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There is increasing evidence linking maternal diet and physical activity before and during pregnancy with offspring's cardiovascular health. Although many studies examined this association, the evidence has not been reviewed systematically. We therefore undertook a systematic review to synthesize evidence examining the association of maternal diet and physical activity before and during pregnancy with offspring's blood pressure and vascular health. We systematically searched the databases MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to June 30, 2017. Eligibility screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. A total of 19 articles were included comprising three randomized controlled trials and 16 observational studies. Of the studies that examined the association of interest, 60% (three out of five studies) showed that high maternal carbohydrate intake was associated with higher offspring's blood pressure. Maternal protein intake during pregnancy was negatively associated with offspring carotid intima-media thickness in two out of two studies. No consistent findings for maternal fatty acid intake were found. There were too few studies to draw conclusions on energy intake, fibre intake, protein/carbohydrate ratio, specific foods, dietary patterns and maternal physical activity. Heterogeneity in exposure and outcome assessment hampered pooling. Also, owing to the observational nature of most studies, causality cannot be established. Harmonization of valid exposure and outcome measurements, and the development of core outcome sets are needed to enable more robust conclusions.

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Impact of intrauterine and post‐natal nutritional determinants on blood pressure at 4 years of age

Abstract: Interventions focusing on cardiovascular health in young women during pregnancy and their children should be considered to reduce cardiovascular diseases risk factors in these children.

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: a review

Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: a review

Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review

Diet and physical activity in pregnancy and offspring’s cardiovascular health: a systematic review

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