Impact of international Maritime Organization 2020 sulfur content regulations on port air quality at international hub port

Song, Sang-Keun; Shon, Zang–Ho; Moon, Soo-Hwan; Lee, Tae-Hyoung; Kim, Heon-Sook; Kang, Se-Hwa; Park, Gee-Hyeong; Yoo, Eun-Chul

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131298

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For comparison, the world average in 2019 based on 152 countries is 5.88 million containers. When petroleum fuels are combusted in ship’s engines, they emit the greenhouse gases (GHG) as oxides of sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon (Seddiek and Elgohary 2014 ; IMO 2020a ) that move by air mass pathways of the port wind sector (Song et al 2022 ), posing severe negative effects on health and the environment in the port area. These pollutants have caused over 64,000 premature deaths concentrated mostly in coastal port areas (Winnes and Fridell 2009 ) with ships contributing greater than 10% to the acidification of coastal areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IMO ( 2020a , b ) regulations made compulsory following an amendment to Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) require plenty of liquid fuels, including high energy density, specific viscosities, flash points, pour points, lubricity, stability, and availability (Vedachalam et al 2022 ). These new regulations have significantly reduced SO 2 and NH 4 + concentrations around world ports (Song et al 2022 ; Zhang et al 2022a ; Zhang et al 2022b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of the air pollution integrating MERRA-2 and in situ air quality data over Egypt (2013–2021)

Masoud

2023

Air Qual Atmos Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For best-informed decision-making to improve climate change adaptation and reduce present and future air pollution health hazards, it is essential to identify major trends in spatiotemporal air quality patterns of common air contaminants. This study examined the patterns and trends of SO2, NO2, CO, O3, and particulate matter (PM) air pollutants over 91 monitoring stations in Egypt during 93 months in the August (2013)–April (2021) period. In situ data with their monthly, seasonal, and yearly spatial trends are defined and used to validate the counterpart satellite reanalysis MERRA-2 data. The Mann–Kendall test characterized the seasonal monotonic trends and their Sen’s slope, and annual change rate for both data series. Regression analysis of MERRA-2 against in situ concentrations of SO2 and PM10 revealed underestimation with RMSE values of 13.38 g m−3 and 69.46 g m−3, respectively. Local plumes with variable magnitudes characterized distinct industrial places clarified by patterns of in situ pollutants. As a result of the COVID-19 lockdown, the in situ air pollutants showed a considerable regional decline in the yearly average in 2020 compared to the years before. The in situ air pollutants showed annual trends far more significant than those seen in the MERRA-2 data. The shortcomings of the few and spatiotemporal discontinuities of the in situ contaminants are addressed by MERRA-2 air quality products. The in situ data made trends and magnitudes clear that were hidden in their MERRA-2 counterparts. The results clarified air pollution patterns, trends, and spatial variability over Egypt that are essential for climate risk management and for reducing environmental/health concerns.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of the air pollution integrating MERRA-2 and in situ air quality data over Egypt (2013–2021)

Masoud

2023

Air Qual Atmos Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The signi cant impact of shipping emissions not only on air quality but also on adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and premature death have been well documented 4,[12][13][14][15][16][17] . According to an expert survey from the WHO-HRAPIE project, shipping emissions are considered an emerging source category in regard to health at the global scale, owing to the growth of air pollution associated with increasing international trade and the use of low quality fuels that result in aerosols containing toxic elements 16,[18][19][20] . The concerns over enhanced metal levels in aerosols, especially vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni) in harbour regions have been outlined 21 , as shipping plumes with relatively high acidity can increase the bioavailability of these metallic species 8, [22][23][24] .…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of shipping emission reductions on the chemical composition of aerosols in coastal urban air revealed by receptor modelling and numerical simulations

Jang

Choi

Yoo

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concerns regarding PM2.5 attributable to the shipping sector, have been highlighted in coastal urban regions due to the well-recognized adverse effects on human health. A number of pollution control strategies have recently been adopted to reduce shipping emissions on both the local and national scales. However, it is difficult to track the effect of these on PM2.5 levels, owing to the non-linear relationship that exists between changes in precursor emissions and PM components. In the present study, an integrated analysis was conducted from various angles with a particular focus on the chemical composition of PM2.5 in the port city of Busan, arising from abatement policies for shipping emissions. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) identified that a switch to lower sulphur (S) fuels (from 3.5% to 0.1–0.5%) since January 2020 resulted in considerable annual reductions in shipping-source related surface PM2.5 mass, especially sulphate aerosols. This was seen at a port site (88.9%) as well as at an interior urban background site (81.3%). CMAQ sensitivity analysis showed that the reduction of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) further extended to inland areas downwind from ports. In addition, mitigation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in coastal urban areas through shipping emission controls, could be anticipated either from the results of receptor modelling applied to two extensive datasets (particulate, gaseous), or from CMAQ simulation results.

show abstract

“…The significant impact of shipping emissions not only on air quality but also on adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and premature death have been well documented 4 , 12 – 17 . According to an expert survey from the WHO-HRAPIE project, shipping emissions have been considered an important source category in regard to health at the global scale, owing to the growth of air pollution associated with increasing international trade and the use of low-quality fuels that result in aerosols containing toxic elements 16 , 18 – 20 . The concerns over enhanced metal levels in aerosols, especially vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni) in harbour regions have been outlined 21 , as shipping plumes with relatively high acidity can increase the bioavailability of these metallic species 8 , 22 – 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of shipping emissions regulation on urban aerosol composition changes revealed by receptor and numerical modelling

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various shipping emissions controls have recently been implemented at both local and national scales. However, it is difficult to track the effect of these on PM2.5 levels, owing to the non-linear relationship that exists between changes in precursor emissions and PM components. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) identifies that a switch to cleaner fuels since January 2020 results in considerable reductions in shipping-source-related PM2.5, especially sulphate aerosols and metals (V and Ni), not only at a port site but also at an urban background site. CMAQ sensitivity analysis reveals that the reduction of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) further extends to inland areas downwind from ports. In addition, mitigation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in coastal urban areas can be anticipated either from the results of receptor modelling or from CMAQ simulations. The results in this study show the possibility of obtaining human health benefits in coastal cities through shipping emission controls.

show abstract

Impact of international Maritime Organization 2020 sulfur content regulations on port air quality at international hub port

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of the air pollution integrating MERRA-2 and in situ air quality data over Egypt (2013–2021)

Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of the air pollution integrating MERRA-2 and in situ air quality data over Egypt (2013–2021)

Impact of shipping emission reductions on the chemical composition of aerosols in coastal urban air revealed by receptor modelling and numerical simulations

Impact of shipping emissions regulation on urban aerosol composition changes revealed by receptor and numerical modelling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About