“…However, promotions through radio, television, and digital print, such as billboards or banners, do not fall under digital marketing because they lack instant feedback and reporting capabilities. Digital marketing utilizes the Internet and mobile devices, such as cellphones and tablets (tablet PCs), for advertising and promotion through web pages, email campaigns, video streaming, and communication on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Line (Safitri, 2022). Digital marketing is an effort to promote brands using digital media to reach consumers in a timely, personalized, and relevant manner (Sopiyan, 2022).…”