Impact of insect-resistant GM rice on pesticide use and farmers’ health in China

Huang, Jikun; Hu, Ruizhong; Qiao, Fangbin; Yin, Yanhong; Liu, Huaiju; Huang, Ziwei

doi:10.1007/s11427-014-4768-1

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…During the past 20 years, numerous insect resistance genes have been identified, some of which have anti-lepidopteron activity ( cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1Ab/Ac, cry1C, cry2A , and CpT1 ), whereas others exhibit anti-helipterum activity ( Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna , and Pinellia ternata agglutinin, pta ). These genes have been introduced into rice to develop insect-resistant transgenic lines (Shu et al, 1998, 2000; Tan et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2012a,b; Jiang et al, 2013b; Jian et al, 2014). Currently, most insect-resistant transgenic rice lines in China are in the field trial stage (Tang et al, 2006; Wang et al, 2012a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Song

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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The environmental release and biosafety of transgenic Bt crops have attracted global attention. China has a large area of saline-alkali land, which is ideal for large-scale production of Bt transgenic rice. Therefore an understanding of the fitness of Bt transgenic rice in saline-alkaline soils and the ability to predict its long-term environmental effects are important for the future sustainable use of these crops. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the fitness of cry1Ab/c transgenic rice in both farmland and natural ecosystems. Transgenic cry1Ab/c rice Huahui1, for which a national biosafety certificate was obtained, was grown on normal farmland and saline-alkaline soils in a glass greenhouse. The expression pattern of exogenous Cry1Ab/c protein, and vegetative and reproductive fitness of rice were assessed. The expression of the exogenous Cry1Ab/c protein in the transgenic rice grown on saline-alkaline soil was lower than that in the strain grown on farmland soil. Under both the soil conditions, vegetative growth abilities, as evaluated by tiller number and biomass, and reproductive growth abilities, as measured by filled grain number and filled grain weight per plant, showed a significantly higher fitness cost for Huahui1 than that for the parental rice Minghui63 grown under the same soil conditions. In saline-alkaline soil, the fitness cost of Huahui1was moderately higher than that of Minghui63. Therefore, the ecological risk of cry1Ab/c transgenic rice is not expected to be higher than that of parental rice Minghui63 if the former escapes into natural saline-alkaline soil. The results of the present study provide a scientific basis to improve environmental safety assessment of the insect-resistant transgenic rice strain Huahui1 before commercialization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Song

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Results of a 2‐year field study with Bt Shanyou 63 in Wuhan (Wang et al ., ) suggested that planting of Bt rice can reduce pesticide spraying by 50–60% compared to non ‐Bt rice, and that Bt rice could increase rice yield by 60–65% compared with non‐ Bt rice when no insecticide was applied. A recent study of farmers' physical examination was conducted to estimate the invisible health impact of pesticide reduction through the adoption of Bt rice on farmers' health, and the results suggested that Bt rice significantly reduced the pesticide use and, as a consequence, improved the health of farmers in China (Huang et al ., ). Results of these studies indicated that use of transgenic Bt rice benefits the environment, increases farmers' income and improves their health.…”

Section: Issues Facing Adoption Of Bt Rice In Chinamentioning

confidence: 97%

The development and status of Bt rice in China

Hallerman

Liu

et al. 2015

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryMultiple lines of transgenic rice expressing insecticidal genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been developed in China, posing the prospect of increases in production with decreased application of pesticides. We explore the issues facing adoption of Bt rice for commercial production in China. A body of safety assessment work on Bt rice has shown that Bt rice poses a negligible risk to the environment and that Bt rice products are as safe as non-Bt control rice products as food. China has a relatively well-developed regulatory system for risk assessment and management of genetically modified (GM) plants; however, decision-making regarding approval of commercial production has become politicized, and two Bt rice lines that otherwise were ready have not been allowed to enter the Chinese agricultural system. We predict that Chinese farmers would value the prospect of increased yield with decreased use of pesticide and would readily adopt production of Bt rice. That Bt rice lines may not be commercialized in the near future we attribute to social pressures, largely due to the low level of understanding and acceptance of GM crops by Chinese consumers. Hence, enhancing communication of GM crop science-related issues to the public is an important, unmet need. While the dynamics of each issue are particular to China, they typify those in many countries where adoption of GM crops has been not been rapid; hence, the assessment of these dynamics might inform resolution of these issues in other countries.

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“…; Qiao ), including the farmers themselves (Huang et al. , ). GE crops have been adopted faster than any other agricultural advance in the history of humanity (Alberts et al.…”

Section: Adoption Of Crop Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many weed species recently have evolved resistance to glyphosate and other overused herbicides that are required by these GE crops, such that the long-term sustainability of facilitating low-and no-till agriculture is not certain (Mortensen et al 2012). Production of Bt cotton and rice increases yield (9% in the case of cotton - Huang et al 2003; 9-29% for rice -reviewed by Chen et al 2011), whereas less pesticide is sprayed on the field, decreasing impacts on nontarget organisms (Huang et al 2003;Li et al 2015;Qiao 2015), including the farmers themselves (Huang et al 2015a(Huang et al , 2015b. GE crops have been adopted faster than any other agricultural advance in the history of humanity (Alberts et al 2013).…”

Section: Adoption Of Crop Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop biotechnology: a pivotal moment for global acceptance

Hallerman

Grabau

2016

Food and Energy Security

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The development and judicious use of agricultural biotechnology offers important contributions to food security and sustainability. Key contributions include improved yield, heightened pathogen and herbivore resistance, enhanced nutrient content, improved product quality, reduced spoilage, as well as entirely new traits. While a first wave of genetically engineered (GE) crop products has been commercialized and contributed to yield, other products -some posing significant benefits to target populations in the developing world -have become mired in controversy. Public misconception about nutritional and ecological risks, fears about multinational corporate dominance, as well as regulatory inaction have delayed the approval and use of GE crops. With new GE lines ready to pass through regulatory oversight, many of which originate from developing countries, we regard this as a pivotal moment for global acceptance of agricultural biotechnology. However, we note that some countries, international regulators, and even biotechnology companies seem willing to forego useful applications of GE crops. We conclude that educating and informing the public to combat misperception, and implementing review of regulatory guidelines based on decades of experience can help to realize the benefits of GE for food security, human well-being, and ecological sustainability.

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Impact of insect-resistant GM rice on pesticide use and farmers’ health in China

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

Fitness Cost of Transgenic cry1Ab/c Rice Under Saline-Alkaline Soil Condition

The development and status of Bt rice in China

Crop biotechnology: a pivotal moment for global acceptance

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