Impact of inductive current transformers on synchrophasor measurement in presence of modulations

D’Avanzo, Giovanni; Femine, Antonio Delle; Gallo, Daniele; Landi, C.; Luiso, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107535

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The main reason is that both inductive VTs and CTs are nonlinear devices [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This issue is detrimental for PQ measurements and, in particular, for harmonic measurements since, besides the systematic deviations in amplitude and phase due to the VT stray capacitive parameters, additional uncertainty is introduced by the magnetic core nonlinearity.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metrological performances of these sensors in presence of harmonic distortion significantly depend on their operating principles. In the particular case of the frequently used inductive instrument transformers (ITs), not negligible ratio and phase errors can be introduced both at low and high frequency harmonics [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [5,6,8,9] the ITs characterizations performed under distorted conditions have highlighted errors up to some percent for the first 10-15 harmonics. In [10], some of the authors have shown that the current transformers (CTs) ratio and phase errors at power frequency can increase up to exceed their accuracy class limits in presence of modulated current signals. Finally, in [11] it is demonstrated that the values of current and phase errors of transformation of the low order higher harmonics by inductive CT depends on the phase angle between transformed higher harmonics of the distorted primary current and the self-generated higher harmonics of the secondary current.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Extended SINDICOMP: Characterizing MV Voltage Transformers with Sine Waves

et al. 2021

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The paper presents a method for the frequency characterization of voltage transformers (VTs) for medium voltage (MV) grids which involves only sine waves. It is called extended SINDICOMP, since it is an extended version of the previously developed technique SINDICOMP. It requires, in the first step, an evaluation and a compensation of the non-linearity introduced by the VT when it is supplied with a 50 Hz sinusoidal input at rated value. Then, the VT is characterized with a low voltage sinusoidal frequency sweep from the second harmonic frequency up to the first resonance frequency. Some rules to build the approximated frequency response, starting from these two sets of data, are given in the paper. The proposed approach is applied to three commercial MV VTs. Significant improvement of the VT performance is obtained, compared to the use of a frequency response obtained from the low voltage characterization.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended SINDICOMP: Characterizing MV Voltage Transformers with Sine Waves

et al. 2021

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“…To that end, the literature provides several works in which the accuracy of both ITs and LPITs is assessed in a variety of situations that may affect the network normal operation. For example, studies on current transformers (CTs) can be found in [15,16]. Electronic voltage transformers accuracy has been studied in [17,18], while sources of error for inductive voltage transformers (VTs) have been analyzed in [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Characterization of Rogowski Coils by Using a Synthetized Signal

Mingotti

Peretto

Tinarelli

2020

Sensors

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With the spread of new Low-Power Instrument Transformers (LPITs), it is fundamental to provide models and characterization procedures to estimate and even predict the LPITs’ behavior. In fact, distribution system operators and designers of network models are looking for all forms of information which may help the management and the control of power networks. For this purpose, the paper wants to contribute to the scientific community presenting a smart characterization procedure which easily provides sufficient information to predict the output signal of a Low-Power Current Transformer (LPCT), the Rogowski coil. The presented procedure is based on a synthetized signal applied to the Rogowski coil. Afterwards, the validity of the procedure is assessed within the Matlab environment and then by applying it on three off-the-shelf Rogowski coils. Simulations and experimental tests and results involving a variety of distorted signals in the power quality frequency range and by adopting a quite simple measurement setup demonstrated the effectiveness and the capability of the procedure to correctly estimate the output of the tested device.

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“…In [37][38][39] effects of the harmonics and mitigation techniques have been developed for current transformers (CTs), while the same issue has been tackled in [40,41] for voltage transformers (VTs). A comparison among MV VTs, for PQ purposes has been completed in [42], while the effects of modulation on CTs has been studied in [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed-form Expression to Estimate the Uncertainty of THD Starting from the LPIT Accuracy Class

Mingotti

Peretto

Tinarelli

2020

Sensors

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Power quality is a wide-ranging and current topic that involves a huge effort from the scientific community. Power quality issues have to be avoided or solved in order to preserve the integrity of the network and its assets. To this purpose, several power quality indexes and measurement techniques have been developed and used by experts. This paper aims at solving the issue of having an uncertainty associated to the total harmonic distortion (THD) measurements. The idea is to obtain a close-form expression, which only requires the knowledge of the instrument transformer accuracy class, to estimate the mean value and the variance of THD. After the development of such an expression, it has been tested and stressed to confirm its effectiveness and applicability in a variety of conditions, and for harmonics up to 25th (of 50 Hz), defined by the standards.

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Impact of inductive current transformers on synchrophasor measurement in presence of modulations

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Extended SINDICOMP: Characterizing MV Voltage Transformers with Sine Waves

Extended SINDICOMP: Characterizing MV Voltage Transformers with Sine Waves

Smart Characterization of Rogowski Coils by Using a Synthetized Signal

A Closed-form Expression to Estimate the Uncertainty of THD Starting from the LPIT Accuracy Class

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