Abstract:Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) continues to be more evolving. Pain remains the main annoying symptom postoperative.Objectives: This study aimed to proof if using incentive spirometry (IS) after LC will alleviate tip shoulder and right hypochondrial pain. Patients and Methods: On 90 patients undergoing LC at Kasr Al ainy hospitals and National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI) who were identified as having chronic calcular cholecystitis clinically and radiographically b… Show more
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