Impact of Immunosuppressive Treatment on the Cardiovascular System in Patients After Hand Transplantation

The Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction as a Complex Cellular Source for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…For instance, the pathological subtype of the patient (e.g., obesity, smokers, underlying genetic abnormalities, immunocompromised, aging, etc.) can have potentially devastating consequences on native vascular and immunological function, [92][93][94] let alone the vasculature derived from patient adipose SVF. To that end, there is a relative paucity of high-quality studies clearly defining the impact of pathological disease on the therapeutic potential of SVF, although recent efforts have assessed the role of obesity 37 and aging 95,96 on SVF yields and function.…”

Lactobacillus fermentum Improves Tacrolimus‐Induced Hypertension by Restoring Vascular Redox State and Improving eNOS Coupling

“…Transplants require life‐long immunosuppressive treatment, exposing patients to significant side effects. The immunosuppressive treatment is detrimental for the cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases being the main cause of mortality among renal transplant recipients and the leading cause of nonallograft‐related death in liver and heart transplantation . In fact, calcineurin and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk due to endothelial dysfunction, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes in transplant patients .…”

“…The immunosuppressive treatment is detrimental for the cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases being the main cause of mortality among renal transplant recipients and the leading cause of nonallograftrelated death in liver and heart transplantation. [1][2][3][4][5] In fact, calcineurin and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk due to endothelial dysfunction, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes in transplant patients. [6] Tacrolimus (FK506) is a macrolide used for maintenance of immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients that have been shown to affect blood pressure and immunologic memory.…”

The reversed paradigm of chimerism induction: Donor conditioning with recipient‐derived bone marrow cells as a novel approach for tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation

“…More than 200 cases of vascularized composite allografts (VCA) have been performed worldwide confirming feasibility and long‐term allograft survival under current immunosuppressive regimens. However, morbidity and mortality related to the adverse effects of the available immunosuppressive protocols are still high . Although lifelong immunosuppressive therapy is quite effective in preventing acute graft rejection, its efficacy in averting chronic rejection is not confirmed or well understood in VCA.…”