Impact of hydrogen bonds dynamics on mechanical behavior of supramolecular elastomer

Luo, Ming‐Chao; Zeng, Jian‐Bing; Xie, Zhengtian; Wei, Lai-Yun; Huang, Guangsu; Wu, Jinrong

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.10.042

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to reported high toughness networks, [15,33,34] these results confirm the role of hierarchical hydrogen bond interactions as reversible sacrificial bonds with high energy dissipation that leads to the high toughness of UPy-CPU-2. [35] With hierarchical dynamic hydrogen bonds within UPy-CPU-2, the introduced UPy and carboxyl groups were expected to endow the film with self-healing capabilities whereby bonds can be re-established when broken. Based on DSC ) to illustrate the dynamic nature of the sacrificial hydrogen bonds.…”

Section: Mechanical and Self-healing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rugged Soft Robots using Tough, Stretchable, and Self‐Healable Adhesive Elastomers

Tan

Thangavel

Lee

2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Soft robots are susceptible to premature failure from physical damages incurred within dynamic environments. To address this, we report an elastomer with high toughness, room temperature self‐healing, and strong adhesiveness, allowing both prevention of damages and recovery for soft robotics. By functionalizing polyurethane with hierarchical hydrogen bonds from ureido‐4[1H]‐pyrimidinone (UPy) and carboxyl groups, high toughness (74.85 MJ m−3), tensile strength (9.44 MPa), and strain (2340%) can be achieved. Furthermore, solvent‐assisted self‐healing at room temperature enables retention of high toughness (41.74 MJ m−3), tensile strength (5.57 MPa), and strain (1865%) within only 12 h. The elastomer possesses a high dielectric constant (≈9) that favors its utilization as a self‐healing dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) for soft robotics. Displaying high area strains of ≈31.4% and ≈19.3% after mechanical and electrical self‐healing, respectively, the best performing self‐healable DEA is achieved. With abundant hydrogen bonds, high adhesive strength without additional curing or heating is also realized. Having both actuation and adhesive properties, a “stick‐on” strategy for the assembly of robust soft robots is realized, allowing soft robotic components to be easily reassembled or replaced upon severe damage. This study highlights the potential of soft robots with extreme ruggedness for different operating conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical and Self-healing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugged Soft Robots using Tough, Stretchable, and Self‐Healable Adhesive Elastomers

Tan

Thangavel

Lee

2021

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Except for intermolecular friction, additional energy was consumed through the rupture of dynamic covalent bonds and stretching the released hidden lengths. Under large deformation, the elastic contractions of the main skeleton were dominant . In small deformation, the elastic contractions became weak.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Under large deformation, the elastic contractions of the main skeleton were dominant. 50 In small deformation, the elastic contractions became weak. The reassociated DFSN moieties, as well as the reorganization of the network structure, slowed down the recovery of the main skeleton to its initial state.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties In Continuousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Dissipation and Mechanoresponsive Color Evaluation of a Poly(n-hexyl Methacrylate) Soft Material Enhanced by a Mechanochromic Cross-Linker with Dynamic Covalent Bonds

et al. 2020

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A rigid and brittle cross-linking structure was introduced into the flexible poly(n-hexyl methacrylate) (PHMA) network by the mechanochromic cross-linker difluorenylsuccinonitrile-containing methacrylate (DFMA), whose central C–C bond acted as a dynamic covalent bond and could generate pink radicals when fractured. PHMA with DFMA showed a remarkable hysteresis loop and mechanical enhancement. After deformation, the reassociation of dynamic covalent bonds and the reorganization of the network structure slowed down the recovery of the polymer to its initial state. The correlations between tension stimulation, energy dissipation, and mechanoresponsive color change were discussed. Under stress, the polymer changed from light gray to pink. The broad distribution of red channel intensity under large deformation detected on the surface confirmed that the rupture of dynamic covalent bonds occurred evenly throughout the polymer and suppressed stress concentration. The color showed a strong dependence on stress, which started to appear at around 1.5 to 2.0 MPa. The incorporation of DFMA promised mechanical enhancement and noncontact stress detection ability of the PHMA soft material.

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“…Under large deformation, the elastic contractions of the main skeleton were dominant. 29,61 The molar ratio, cross-linked structure, and recovery conditions influenced the recovery ability. Samples recovered to their initial shape, and dynamic covalent bonds were reassociated quickly under heat stimulation.…”

Section: Tensile Performance and Viscoelasticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance and Visual Fracture Warning Function of Mechanochromic Stimuli-Recovery Polymer Networks

et al. 2021

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Stimuli-recovery polymer networks with enhanced mechanical performance were designed and synthesized through UV-curing photo-polymerization. Thanks to a mechanochromic cross-linker difluorenylsuccinonitrile-containing dimethacrylate (DFMA), poly(stearyl methacrylate-co-N,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (P(SMA−DMAA)) networks visualized the stress, showing improvements in toughness and higher energy dissipation. The molar ratios determined the transition temperatures, crystal structures, and mechanical performance of the polymer networks. A more efficient and scientific analysis based on achromatic gray-scale colorspace was first proposed to evaluate the mechano-responsive color quantitatively. Uniform evaluation criteria were expected to be established based on the method. The stress distribution and dissociation of dynamic covalent bonds were recorded precisely and expressed clearly on gray-scale color maps, providing a clear warning for when materials were threatening to break. Mechanochromic P(SMA−DMAA) networks showed a prolonged recovery at room temperature. While under heat stimulation, they presented excellent recovery ability with 90% strength and 95% energy. Additionally, the mechano-responsive color changes repeated, showing a similar changing trend to that in the first cycle. The mechanochromic stimuli-recovery P(SMA−DMAA) networks had enhanced mechanical performance and a reliable visual fracture warning function.

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Impact of hydrogen bonds dynamics on mechanical behavior of supramolecular elastomer

Cited by 31 publications

References 45 publications

Rugged Soft Robots using Tough, Stretchable, and Self‐Healable Adhesive Elastomers

Rugged Soft Robots using Tough, Stretchable, and Self‐Healable Adhesive Elastomers

Energy Dissipation and Mechanoresponsive Color Evaluation of a Poly(n-hexyl Methacrylate) Soft Material Enhanced by a Mechanochromic Cross-Linker with Dynamic Covalent Bonds

Mechanical Performance and Visual Fracture Warning Function of Mechanochromic Stimuli-Recovery Polymer Networks

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