Impact of Human Mobility of COVID-19 Epidemic in Kuala Lumpur using GIS

Abstract

During the third COVID-19 wave in Malaysia, the Ministry of Health suggested a complete lockdown (Movement Control Order-MCO). However, tracking people's movements would help curb the virus' spread. Movement data helps companies uncover human mobility patterns, analyse present and previous movement patterns, and anticipate future consequences. GIS can generate flow maps, themed maps, and flow charts. GIS can show people moving from one site to another and study the link between people moving and land usage. This work utilised GIS to predict and construct lockdown zones based on human mobility. Between November and December 2020, it was also used to tour the most popular places. A survey of 380 Malaysians was undertaken. At the same time, Mysejahtera apps provided data on people's movements. This research was done in Kuala Lumpur and the respondents' data was arranged into an excel document. Then, the GIS programme simulated human activity and plotted regions with a "likely increase in ratio/speed of infection." Between November and December 2020 (RMCO time), everyday movements of Kuala Lumpur people might be utilised to apply "restrictive measures for COVID-19 containment". Instead of a nationwide lockdown, these locations should be targeted for localised lockdowns. So, the government should concentrate on a smart lockdown strategy to prevent catastrophic economic devastation. This research also helped health authorities and governments minimise mobility by optimising the allocation of the most frequented areas concerning population density. This method helped control the pandemic more efficiently and scientifically.

Discovering the Relationship Between the Accessibility and Covid 19 Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Case Study Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur

“…The six million people moving out of the Klang Valley and Negeri Sembilan also worries the Malaysian Ministry of Health (MOH), who fear that this could result in an increase in COVID-19 cases in the US. The majority of districts in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya, according to him, are now COVID-19 red zones, and it would be difficult to impose restrictions on the movement of people in these densely populated areas (Malymail, 2020) By zoning Kuala Lumpur city into subzones and using a covid-19 outbreak data and human movement data, we found that in the same period (RMCO) from December 1, 2020, and January 15, 2021, Bukit Bintang area recorded the most significant number of cases with 3555 cases, in addition, it ranked as the most visited places (Qwasmi et al, 2022) Produced layers and collected data had to be processed and transformed into the proper format before they could be used for analysis. Data preparation is required since most received data were initially received as pictures and cannot be used right away and because most GIS applications need some raster data to be georeferenced.…”

“…The initial need of the accessibility element is connectivity. The sidewalk centerline vector data from the Bukit Bintang region sidewalk were taken from (Qwasmi et al, 2022) figure, which was used to assess connectivity ( 9). This research is counting the number of actual intersections in the sidewalk and excluding pedestrianinaccessible street crossings on highways.…”

“…The choice is based on the predefined locations. Based on the previous studies (Qwasmi et al, 2022). Based on the significance of the goal, each point relates to a location with a certain A kernel density analysis was done to determine the junctions with the highest frequency.…”

“…Figure 2: A Kuala Lumpur covid-19 cases using hotspot analysis showing Bukit Bintang area as a red zone; Bshowing the most visited place using kernel density analysis. places(Qwasmi et al, 2022) …”

Establishing a Covid-19 Defensible Space According to Urban Fabric Using Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP): Case Study in Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur

“…Figure 2: Kuala Lumpur cases by districts as of February 7, 2021 (source MOH 2021) By zoning Kuala Lumpur city into sub-zones and using a covid-19 outbreak data and human movement data, we found that in the same period (RMCO) from December 1, 2020, and January 15, 2021, Bukit Bintang area recorded the most significant number of cases with 3555 cases, in addition, It ranked as the most visited places Figure (3)(Qwasmi et al, 2022) . Bukit Bintang is the retail and…”