Impact of Higher Insulin Prices on Out-of-Pocket Costs in Medicare Part D

Tseng, Chien-Wen; Masuda, Camlyn; Chen, Randi; Hartung, Daniel

doi:10.2337/dc19-1294

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A finding in this study is that medication costs, particularly for insulin, may impact adherence. This is in line with the rising cost of insulin in the U.S. and out of pocket expenses for patients under Medicare Part D plans [ 39 ]. Additionally, a recent study evaluating approximately 165,000 adult patients (<65 years of age) with diabetes reported 41% had financial difficulties from medical bills, and approximately 50% showed cost-related medication non-adherence [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Development of a computerized intervention to improve health literacy in older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes using a pharmacist supervised comprehensive medication management

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The primary objective was to develop a computerized culturally adapted health literacy intervention for older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Secondary objectives were to assess the usability and acceptability of the intervention by older Hispanics with T2D and clinical pharmacists providing comprehensive medication management (CMM). Materials and methods The study occurred in three phases. During phase I, an integration approach (i.e., quantitative assessments, qualitative interviews) was used to develop the intervention and ensure cultural suitability. In phase II, the intervention was translated to Spanish and modified based on data obtained in phase I. During phase III, the intervention was tested for usability/acceptability. Results Thirty participants (25 older Hispanics with T2D, 5 clinical pharmacists) were included in the study. Five major themes emerged from qualitative interviews and were included in the intervention: 1) financial considerations, 2) polypharmacy, 3) social/family support, 4) access to medication/information, and 5) loneliness/sadness. Participants felt the computerized intervention developed was easy to use, culturally appropriate, and relevant to their needs. Pharmacists agreed the computerized intervention streamlined patient counseling, offered a tailored approach when conducting CMM, and could save them time. Conclusion The ability to offer individualized patient counseling based on information gathered from the computerized intervention allows for precision counseling. Future studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of the developed computerized intervention on adherence and health outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Development of a computerized intervention to improve health literacy in older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes using a pharmacist supervised comprehensive medication management

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From 2013 to 2015, prescription drug prices increased annually by 10%, six times the rate of general inflation (29). An earlier study found that increased insulin prices led to an OOP cost burden for Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes, even after closure of the coverage gap in Part D benefits under the Affordable Care Act (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Out-of-pocket Health Care Cost Burden Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes, 1999–2017

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Participants in the standard Part D plan have OOP insulin costs surpassing $1,000. Despite closing the coverage gap and the expected reduction in OOP costs, insulin prices increased by 55% from 2014 to 2019 (29,30). Another important trend affecting overall costs for insulin is the shift in insulin use from the less expensive human insulins to more expensive human insulin analogs (31).…”

Section: Factors Associated With Crnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence in Adults With Diabetes in the United States: The National Health Interview Survey 2013–2018

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE Health-related expenditures resulting from diabetes are rising in the U.S. Medication nonadherence is associated with worse health outcomes among adults with diabetes. We sought to examine the extent of reported cost-related medication nonadherence (CRN) in individuals with diabetes in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied adults age ≥18 years with self-reported diabetes from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (2013–2018), a U.S. nationally representative survey. Adults reporting skipping doses, taking less medication, or delaying filling a prescription to save money in the past year were considered to have experienced CRN. The weighted prevalence of CRN was estimated overall and by age subgroups (<65 and ≥65 years). Logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic characteristics independently associated with CRN. RESULTS Of the 20,326 NHIS participants with diabetes, 17.6% (weighted 2.3 million) of those age <65 years reported CRN, compared with 6.9% (weighted 0.7 million) among those age ≥65 years. Financial hardship from medical bills, lack of insurance, low income, high comorbidity burden, and female sex were independently associated with CRN across age groups. Lack of insurance, duration of diabetes, current smoking, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were associated with higher odds of reporting CRN among the nonelderly but not among the elderly. Among the elderly, insulin use significantly increased the odds of reporting CRN (odds ratio 1.51; 95% CI 1.18, 1.92). CONCLUSIONS In the U.S., one in six nonelderly and one in 14 elderly adults with diabetes reported CRN. Removing financial barriers to accessing medications may improve medication adherence among these patients, with the potential to improve their outcomes.

show abstract

Impact of Higher Insulin Prices on Out-of-Pocket Costs in Medicare Part D

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Development of a computerized intervention to improve health literacy in older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes using a pharmacist supervised comprehensive medication management

Development of a computerized intervention to improve health literacy in older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes using a pharmacist supervised comprehensive medication management

High Out-of-pocket Health Care Cost Burden Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes, 1999–2017

Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence in Adults With Diabetes in the United States: The National Health Interview Survey 2013–2018

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About