Impact of high dietary zinc on zinc accumulation, enzyme activity and proteomic profiles in the pancreas of piglets

Pieper, Robert; Martin, Lena; Schunter, Nadine; Tudela, Carmen Villodre; Weise, Christoph; Klopfleisch, Robert; Zentek, Jürgen; Einspanier, Ralf; Bondzio, Angelika

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.01.008

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Some recent studies conducted in animals suggest that prolonged over-supplementation with dietary Zn can promote oxidative stress with adverse effects on growth performance. Our results are in accordance with Pieper et al (2015) who found that long-term supplementation with high dietary Zn (2425 mg/kg for 28 days) triggers oxidative stress reactions in the pancreas of weaned piglets. Similarly, Zhao et al (2014) found that while 20-60 mg/kg of ZnO nanoparticles in broiler diet stimulate antioxidative functions, a higher dose (100 mg/kg) can lead to hepatocyte damage and a gradual decrease in total antioxidant capacity in liver tissue.…”

Section: Biomarker Of Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets

Trčková¹,

Lorencova²,

Babák³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium humate (HNa), applied to feed or drinking water as a partial substitution for pharmacological doses of ZnO, on clinical, biochemical and haematological indicators of health status, oxidative stress and the serum fatty acid (FA) profile in weaned piglets. Weaned piglets (32) were allocated into four groups: Control = basal diet containing 110 mg ZnO/kg; ZnO 2.5 = pharmacological dose of ZnO (2.5 g ZnO/kg); ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f ) = 1.7 g ZnO and 20.0 g HNa/kg; ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w) = 1.7 g ZnO/kg and drinking water with 0.2% HNa. All ZnO treatments resulted in good performance and clinical health of piglets in contrast to Control, which contained three diarrhoeic piglets. Increased triacylglycerols in the ZnO 2.5 and ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w) groups in comparison with Control suggested increased energy metabolism after treatments. Neither total cholesterol, nor HDL and LDL were affected by treatments. Piglets treated with ZnO and HNa had (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) or tended to have (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f )) lower urea in serum. Significantly (in ZnO 2.5 and ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f )) or non-significantly (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) higher haematocrit and haemoglobin levels were detected in the blood of treated piglets. Long-term ZnO 2.5 treatment significantly increased serum 8-iso-PGF 2α , the most reliable biomarker of oxidative stress. Partial substitution of ZnO by HNa positively affected the oxidative status of piglets as evidenced by significant (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) or non-significant (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f )) declines in serum 8-iso-PGF 2α . ZnO 2.5 treatment significantly decreased saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and increased PUFA n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratios in serum compared to Control. The synthesis of some physiologically significant long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), namely n-6 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and n-3 eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic was negatively affected by ZnO 2.5 treatment. Both ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f )/(w) treatments significantly increased the proportion of SFA and PUFA n-3 and decreased PUFA n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratios in comparison with ZnO 2.5 and the effect was more considerable in ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w). Most individual PUFA n-3 and n-6 as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio in both treatments were similar to Control. The results indicate that the partial substitution of ZnO by HNa can benefit performance and health of weaned piglets to a similar extent as a high pharmacological dose of ZnO, whereas it can decrease the oxidative stress induced by prolonged over-supplementation of ZnO. Additionally, such a treatment can eliminate the unfavourable effect of high ZnO doses on the n-6/n-3 ratio and the proportion of some physiologically significant LC-PUFA in serum. Generally, it can be concluded that the effects of feed and water HNa supplementation are similar, but are more pronounced when HNa is applied to drinking water.Keywords: humic substances; pig; lipid metabolism; eicosanoids; serum biochemistry; haematology; performance; GC/MS; LC/MS-MS List of ab...

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Section: Biomarker Of Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets

Trčková¹,

Lorencova²,

Babák³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…The nutritional importance of Zn is well recognized [15]. However, several mechanisms related to dietary Zn effects in the spleen and liver are still unclear, particularly for PC-Zn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of proteinate complex zinc on growth performance, hepatic and splenic trace elements concentrations, antioxidative function and immune functions in weaned piglets

She

Huang

et al. 2017

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveTo assess the effects of proteinate complex zinc (PC-Zn) on growth performance, antioxidative function, trace element concentrations and immune function in weaned piglets.MethodsThree hundred newly weaned barrows (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire), 28 days of age, were randomly allotted to 3 dietary groups of 5 replicate pens per group for 4 weeks of feeding. Experimental diets were: i) zinc deficient diet (ZnD, 24 mg/kg Zn supplementation from ZnSO4), ii) inorganic Zn diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg of Zn from Zn sulfate (ZnSO4), and iii) organic Zn diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg of Zn from PC-Zn. The body weight of pigs were recorded at the beginning, at the middle and at the end of the experiment, and the amount of feed supplied each day was recorded. Five barrows from each dietary treatment group were selected to be anesthetized and euthanized at the end of the trial to determine the Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations, the hepatic metallothionein content, the levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), Mn, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the spleen, the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocyte.ResultsThe accumulation of Zn in the spleen, levels of SOD, GSH-Px, IL-4, IL-10, the proportions of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte were increased by organic Zn supplementation compared to ZnD, while the levels of MDA, IFN-γ, and proportion of CD8+ T lymphocyte were lowered.ConclusionThese findings indicate that Zn can improve the antioxidant potential and immune functions of weaned piglets.

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“…Moreover, Swinkels et al [8] found that high concentrations of dietary Zn significantly increased pancreas and liver weights of pigs. The proteomic analysis also revealed that high con centrations of dietary Zn triggered many oxidative stress reactions in pancreases of young pigs [9]. All these results suggested that high concentration of dietary Zn is harmful to pig health and offsets its partial growthpromoting effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Moderate tetrabasic zinc chloride supplementation improves growth performance and reduces diarrhea incidence in weaned pigs

Zhang

Xia

Zhao

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate tetrabasic zinc chloride (TBZC) on the health of weaned pigs, and to determine the optimal supplemental concentrations and whether dietary TBZC could replace the pharmacological concentrations of dietary zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve growth performance and decrease Zn excretion in weaned pigs. Methods: In Exp. 1, 180 weaned pigs (8.92±1.05 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including the basal diet containing 125 mg/kg zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4), and the basal diet with 1,200, 1,800, 2,400, or 3,000 mg/kg TBZC supplementation. In Exp. 2, 240 weaned pigs (7.66±1.09 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including a negative control diet without Zn supplementation, a positive control diet (2,250 mg/kg ZnO), and 3 experimental diets with different concentrations of TBZC supplemen tation (1,000, 1,250, and 1,500 mg/kg). Results: In Exp. 1, the average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F) and diarrhea incidence responded quadratically (p<0.01) as the TBZC supplemental concentrations increased, and pigs fed 1,200 and 1,800 mg/kg TBZC showed the best growth performance. Moreover, 1,800 mg/kg TBZC supplementation showed the greatest (p<0.01) total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activities in liver of pigs. Histopathological examination revealed lesions in heart, liver, lung and kidney, and mild or severe histological lesions mainly occurred with the supplementation of 2,400 and 3,000 mg/kg TBZC. In Exp. 2, 1,000 and 1,250 mg/kg TBZC supplementation in diets significantly (p<0.01) increased ADG and G:F of weaned pigs, reduced Zn excretion in feces, and had no effect on diarrheareducing compared to 2,250 mg/kg ZnO supplementation. Conclusion: The TBZC is a potential alternative to ZnO. The recommended concentration of TBZC in weaned pig diets is 1,000 to 1,250 mg/kg.

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Impact of high dietary zinc on zinc accumulation, enzyme activity and proteomic profiles in the pancreas of piglets

Cited by 31 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets

Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets

Effects of proteinate complex zinc on growth performance, hepatic and splenic trace elements concentrations, antioxidative function and immune functions in weaned piglets

Moderate tetrabasic zinc chloride supplementation improves growth performance and reduces diarrhea incidence in weaned pigs

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