Impact of herbivore symbionts on parasitoid foraging behaviour

Frago, Enric; Zytynska, Sharon E.

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2023.101027

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Predation of parasitised aphids removes the parasitoid from the next generation via intraguild predation; thus, the effect on biocontrol will be dependent on the local aphid, symbiont and natural enemy community composition. It is also feasible that parasitoids avoid areas with high intraguild predation risk, and the cues used to assess these risks may also be mediated by interactions with their symbionts (reviewed by Frago & Zytynska, 2023 ). The rare but ecologically important potential of horizontal transmission of symbionts among aphids (Oliver et al, 2010 ; Zytynska & Venturino, 2018 ), for example by parasitoid wasps after sequential ovipositor insertion into infected and uninfected individuals of their host (Gehrer & Vorburger, 2012 ) or via the plant (Gu et al, 2023 ), may further explain the ability of aphid populations to respond rapidly to changing natural enemy abundances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral presence and flower identity alter cereal aphid endosymbiont communities on adjacent crops

Zytynska

Sturm

Hawes

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Floral plantings adjacent to crops fields can recruit populations of natural enemies by providing flower nectar and non-crop prey to increase natural pest regulation.Observed variation in success rates might be due to changes in the unseen community of endosymbionts hosted by many herbivorous insects, of which some can confer resistance to natural enemies, for example, parasitoid wasps. Reduced insect control may occur if highly protective symbiont combinations increase in frequency via selection effects, and this is expected to be stronger in lower diversity systems.2. We used a large-scale field trial to analyse the bacterial endosymbiont communities hosted by cereal aphids Sitobion avenae collected along transects into strip plots of barley plants managed by either conventional or integrated (including floral field margins and reduced inputs) methods. In addition, we conducted an outdoor pot experiment to analyse endosymbionts in S. avenae aphids collected on barley plants that were either grown alone or alongside one of three flowering plants, across three time points.3. In the field, aphids hosted up to four symbionts. The abundance of aphids and parasitoid wasps was reduced towards the middle of all fields while aphid symbiont species richness and diversity decreased into the field in conventional, but not integrated, field-strips. The proportion of aphids hosting different symbiont combinations varied across cropping systems, with distances into the fields, and were correlated with parasitoid wasp abundances.4. In the pot experiment, aphids hosted up to six symbionts. Flower presence increased natural enemy abundance and diversity, and decreased aphid abundance.The proportion of aphids hosting different symbiont combinations varied across the flower treatment and time, and were correlated with varying abundances of the different specialist parasitoid wasp species recruited by different flowers. Synthesis and applications.Floral plantings and flower identity had communitywide impacts on the combinations of bacterial endosymbionts hosted by herbivorous insects, which correlated with natural enemy diversity and abundance. We

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