Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells on the Immune System

Alhetheel, Abdulkarim

doi:10.3389/fviro.2021.810231

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Overall, our results showed a tendency towards a shorter telomere length in PBMCs from HCVinfected individuals (either SC or CHC) compared to the HIV group, suggesting that HCV infection increases the replicative senescence in PBMCs, a phenomenon that may be due, in part, to the replication of both viruses in these cells. 45,46 This increased replicative senescence seems to be more pronounced in the CHC group, which is in accordance with previous studies that reported a decrease in telomerase activity in chronic infection, even though telomerase activity increases with the activation of the PBMCs in normal conditions. 47 Furthermore, a positive correlation between telomere shortening and fibrosis progression during chronic HCV infection have been found, 48 which could explain the absence of pronounced telomeric alteration in our study since fibrosis was an exclusion criterion in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Cell damage can also promote replicative senescence through telomere attrition. Overall, our results showed a tendency towards a shorter telomere length in PBMCs from HCV‐infected individuals (either SC or CHC) compared to the HIV group, suggesting that HCV infection increases the replicative senescence in PBMCs, a phenomenon that may be due, in part, to the replication of both viruses in these cells 45,46 . This increased replicative senescence seems to be more pronounced in the CHC group, which is in accordance with previous studies that reported a decrease in telomerase activity in chronic infection, even though telomerase activity increases with the activation of the PBMCs in normal conditions 47 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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HCV spontaneous clearers showed low senescence profile in people living with HIV under long ART

Lara-Aguilar

Crespo-Bermejo

Llamas-Adán

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases immune activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress that could lead to premature senescence. Different HCV infections, either acute or chronic infection, could lead to distinct premature cellular senescence in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Observational study in 116 PLWHIV under antiretroviral treatment with different HCV status: (i) n = 45 chronically infected with HCV (CHC); (ii) n = 36 individuals who spontaneously clarify HCV (SC); (iii) n = 35 HIV controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed at lipid, DNA, protein, and nitrates levels, as well as

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

HCV spontaneous clearers showed low senescence profile in people living with HIV under long ART

Lara-Aguilar

Crespo-Bermejo

Llamas-Adán

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Infection of PBMCs with HCV leads to dysregulation of the signaling pathway mediators such as STAT-1 and IRF-1 and alterations in cytokine and chemokine production, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. Persistent HCV RNA and its antigens, combined with chronic immune activation, lead to exhaustion of PBMCs that become defective and more prone to programmed cell death[ 26 ]. Liu et al [ 27 ] prepared cell culture-derived infectious HCV particles (HCVcc) using Huh7 cells transfected with HCV RNA.…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Salama¹,

Raslan²,

Abdel‐Latif³

et al. 2022

WJH

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of liver disease and is associated with various extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs). This mini-review outlines the currently available treatments for HCV infection and their prognostic effect on hepatic manifestations and EHMs. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens are considered pan-genotypic as they achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) > 85% after 12 wk through all the major HCV genotypes, with high percentages of SVR even in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. The risk factors for DAA failure include old males, cirrhosis, and the presence of resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) in the region targeted by the received DAAs. The effectiveness of DAA regimens is reduced in HCV genotype 3 with baseline RAS like A30K, Y93H, and P53del. Moreover, the European Association for the Study of the Liver recommended the identification of baseline RAS for HCV genotype 1a. The higher rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after DAA therapy may be related to the fact that DAA regimens are offered to patients with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, where interferon was contraindicated to those patients. The change in the growth of pre-existing subclinical, undetectable HCC upon DAA treatment might be also a cause. Furthermore, after DAA therapy, the T cell-dependent immune response is much weaker upon HCV clearance, and the down-regulation of TNF-α or the elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio might increase the risk of HCC. DAAs can result in reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HCV co-infected patients. DAAs are effective in treating HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia, with clinical and immunological responses, and have rapid and high effectiveness in thrombocytopenia. DAAs improve insulin resistance in 90% of patients, increase glomerular filtration rate, and decrease proteinuria, hematuria and articular manifestations. HCV clearance by DAAs allows a significant improvement in atherosclerosis and metabolic and immunological conditions, with a reduction of major cardiovascular events. They also improve physical function, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and quality of life. Early therapeutic approach with DAAs is recommended as it cure many of the EHMs that are still in a reversible stage and can prevent others that can develop due to delayed treatment.

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“…HCV is a single-strand RNA virus from Hepacivirus and Flaviviridae with a single strand with a 50-80 nm diameter 4 and consists around a 9.6 kb positive-stranded RNA genome located between 5’NCR and 3’NCR, a lengthy active reading frame containing around 3000 amino acids that encodes 10 viral proteins consisting of structural proteins (Core, E1, E2) and non-structural proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B). 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising alkaloids and flavonoids compounds as anti-hepatitis c virus agents: a review

Rizaldi

Hafid

Wahyuni

2023

J. Public Health Afr.

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Background: Virus infections are presently seen as a major public health problem. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is recognized as a “silent killer” because the acute infection has no symptoms, and it develops as a chronic infection that causes hepatocellular carcinoma and liver damage. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that between 130-170 million people are estimated to have chronic Hepatitis C. Plants have various phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids that have prominent antiviral effects especially anti-HCV. The current HCV treatment still has limitations related to side effects and can lead to viral resistance. Therefore, it is necessary for the discovery and development of novel anti-HCV drugs for alternative and complementary medicine. Objective: This review intends to evaluate the alkaloids and flavonoids that have the potential to be used against HCV by looking at their classification and their mechanism of action. Methods: Twenty-one articles from 2010 to 2022 obtained from PUBMED database using keywords such as isolated compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, hepatitis C virus. Results: 21 alkaloids and 37 flavonoids reported active against HCV. Alkaloids include quinoline, quinolizidine and isoquinoline. In addition, flavanone, flavonol, flavone, flavan-3-ol, flavonolignan, anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin comprise flavonoids. The berberine alkaloids and eriodictyol 7-O-(6′′-caffeoyl)-β-D- glucopyranoside flavonoids had the lowest IC50 with values of 0.49 mM and 0.041 nM. Conclusions: Alkaloids and flavonoids compound had good activity against HCV with various mechanisms. Our results provide information of alkaloids and flavonoids to the researcher for the development of alternative and complementary medicine of hepatitis C.

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Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells on the Immune System

Cited by 3 publications

References 73 publications

HCV spontaneous clearers showed low senescence profile in people living with HIV under long ART

HCV spontaneous clearers showed low senescence profile in people living with HIV under long ART

Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Promising alkaloids and flavonoids compounds as anti-hepatitis c virus agents: a review

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