Impact of heavy metals and PCBs on marine picoplankton

Caroppo, Carmela; Stabili, Loredana; Aresta, Michele; Corinaldesi, Cinzia; Danovaro, Roberto

doi:10.1002/tox.20215

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, the interactions for reduced GSH content were mostly synergistic but additive or antagonistic for SOD activity. A possible antagonistic effect on the abundance, biomass, and bacterial carbon production of picophytoplankton was also found between the polychlorinated biphenyl compound Aroclor 1260 coupled with the addition of heavy metals (Zn and Pb) [16]. Both antagonistic and additive interactions on the growth Fig.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Cocontamination To Free Microalgae and Interactimentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, most of these studies were mainly on the toxicity of single contaminants; research on the combined toxic effects of more than one group of contaminants in microalgae is limited [13,14]. Limited research suggested that the effects of cocontamination on the growth of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms differed greatly from the effect of single contaminants [15,16]. It is essential to evaluate the combined toxicity of pollutants on microalgae, which are not only ubiquitous but also the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals to biochemical and antioxidant responses of free and immobilized Selenastrum capricornutum

Wang¹,

Luo²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The aquatic environment often contains different groups of contaminants, but their combined toxicity on microalgae has seldom been reported. The present study compared the toxic effects of combined mixed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals on growth and antioxidant responses of free and immobilized microalga, Selenastrum capricornutum. Five PAHsphenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene-and four heavy metals at different concentrations-0.05 to 0.1 mg Cd 2þ ml À1 , 0.05 to 1 mg Cu 2þ ml À1 , 0.05 to 1 mg Zn 2þ ml À1 , and 0.5 to 2.5 mg Ni 2þ ml À1 -were examined. Results showed that the chlorophyll a content of free and immobilized S. capricornutum was not affected by PAHs but was significantly inhibited by heavy metals. Conversely, the antioxidant parameters, including the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, were significantly induced by both PAHs and metals. For the combined toxic effects of PAHs and heavy metals, cell growth and antioxidant responses varied with exposure time and contaminants and differed between free and immobilized cells. The effects of cocontaminants on the GSH content in free cells were mainly synergistic but changed to antagonistic in immobilized cells. The toxic effects of cocontamination on free cells were also more obvious than those on immobilized cells. These findings suggest that immobilization offers some protection to microalgal cells against toxic contaminants causing differences in the interaction and responses to combined toxicants between free and immobilized cells. Immobilized cells might be more suitable for treating wastewater containing toxic contaminants than free cells. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:673-683. # 2012 SETAC

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Section: Toxicity Of Cocontamination To Free Microalgae and Interactimentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals to biochemical and antioxidant responses of free and immobilized Selenastrum capricornutum

Wang¹,

Luo²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Already studies have demonstrated that metals can exert a toxic effect to marine phyto-and zooplankton species (e.g., Hirota, 1981;Hu, 1981;Moraitouapostolopoulou and Verriopoulos, 1982;Caroppo et al, 2006;Fuchida et al, 2017) and can lead to metal accumulation (bioaccumulation) in higher trophic levels of food chains (Amiard Triquet et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Toxic Impacts of Metals Potentially Released during Deep-Sea Mining—A Synthesis of the Challenges to Quantifying Risk

et al. 2017

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In January 2017, the International Seabed Authority released a discussion paper on the development of Environmental Regulations for deep-sea mining (DSM) within the Area Beyond National Jurisdiction (the "Area"). With the release of this paper, the prospect for commercial mining in the Area within the next decade has become very real. Moreover, within nations' Exclusive Economic Zones, the exploitation of deep-sea mineral ore resources could take place on very much shorter time scales and, indeed, may have already started. However, potentially toxic metal mixtures may be released at sea during different stages of the mining process and in different physical phases (dissolved or particulate). As toxicants, metals can disrupt organism physiology and performance, and therefore may impact whole populations, leading to ecosystem scale effects. A challenge to the prediction of toxicity is that deep-sea ore deposits include complex mixtures of minerals, including potentially toxic metals such as copper, cadmium, zinc, and lead, as well as rare earth elements. Whereas the individual toxicity of some of these dissolved metals has been established in laboratory studies, the complex and variable mineral composition of seabed resources makes the a priori prediction of the toxic risk of DSM extremely challenging. Furthermore, although extensive data quantify the toxicity of metals in solution in shallow-water organisms, these may not be representative of the toxicity in deep-sea organisms, which may differ biochemically and physiologically and which will experience those toxicants under conditions of low temperature, high hydrostatic pressure, and potentially altered pH. In this synthesis, we present a summation of recent advances in our understanding of the potential toxic impacts of metal exposure to deep-sea meio-to megafauna at low temperature and high pressure, and consider the limitation of deriving lethal limits based on the paradigm Hauton et al.Identifying Toxic Impacts of Deep-Sea Mining of exposure to single metals in solution. We consider the potential for long-term and farfield impacts to key benthic invertebrates, including the very real prospect of sub-lethal impacts and behavioral perturbation of exposed species. In conclusion, we advocate the adoption of an existing practical framework for characterizing bulk resource toxicity in advance of exploitation.

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“…Most studies on the effect of Zn on bacteria have been carried out in freshwater environments (Nweke et al 2006, Vega-López et al 2007; the results have shown a strong suppression of bacterial growth at low concentrations (> 0.1 μg Zn l -1 ), which is about an order of magnitude lower than the effective level on phytoplankton (Paulsson et al 2000). Although there have been just a few studies on the effects of Zn on marine bacterial communities (Ku$pilić et al 1989, Caroppo et al 2006, RochelleNewall et al 2008, these studies, too, have suggested that the activity of marine bacteria is also inhibited by the addition of Zn at 1 to 100 μg Zn l -1 . However, the impact on marine bacteria might be a little weak when compared with that on phytoplankton (Caroppo et al 2006, Rochelle-Newall et al 2008, and it was suggested that Zn induces a shift to a bacteria-dominated heterotrophic system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been just a few studies on the effects of Zn on marine bacterial communities (Ku$pilić et al 1989, Caroppo et al 2006, RochelleNewall et al 2008, these studies, too, have suggested that the activity of marine bacteria is also inhibited by the addition of Zn at 1 to 100 μg Zn l -1 . However, the impact on marine bacteria might be a little weak when compared with that on phytoplankton (Caroppo et al 2006, Rochelle-Newall et al 2008, and it was suggested that Zn induces a shift to a bacteria-dominated heterotrophic system. Considering that bacterial activity is closely related to DOM remineralisation (Kirchman et al 1991, Zn input into coastal zones will result in an alteration of DOM dynamics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of zinc on the remineralisation of dissolved organic matter in the coastal environment

Wada

2011

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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-1 ), DOM concentrations at the end of the experimental period (Day 14) increased 2.4 to 6.9%, and turnover time prolonged with a timescale of weeks to months. These potential shifts induced by Zn suggest that the allochthonous input of Zn into the coastal environment leads to suppression of energy flow in the microbial loop and enhances transport of DOM from coastal to offshore areas. KEY WORDS: Zinc · Zn · DOM · Remineralisation · Bacterial abundance Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 63: [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] 2011 higher concentrations of pollutants have been detected in coastal areas (Reddy et al. 2005, Cuong et al. 2008, Siddique et al. 2009) when compared to oceanic regions (Ellwood & Van den Berg 2000, Fukuda et al. 2000. Because some of the chemicals can alter biological activities (e.g. Pinto et al. 2003, Pereira et al. 2009), numerous researchers have focused on the toxic effects of such chemicals on organisms, including humans (e.g. Dell'Anno et al. 2003, Bielmyer et al. 2006, Thompson & Bannigan 2008, Mishra 2009). Based on their toxicity, it is recommended that the environmental concentrations of some chemicals be restricted to low levels (Bielmyer et al. 2006).Because zinc (Zn) is one of the heavy metals regarded as being less toxic to human health unless the concentration is abnormally high (Walsh et al. 1994), its concentration is loosely regulated (Water Quality Standards: 10 to 86 μg Zn l -1 ) (Chongprasith et al. 1999, Nagpal 1999, FDEP 2005, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation in Japan 2008), allowing considerable emissions of Zn from anthropogenic sources. In addition, much of the runoff of Zn occurs not only from human activity but also derives from natural environments (Hoshika & Shiozawa 1986). These findings indicate concentrations of Zn that are several orders of magnitude higher in many coastal environments when compared to other toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, copper and lead (Shitashima & Tsubota 1990, Reddy et al. 2005, Cuong et al. 2008).As mentioned above, Zn (compared with other heavy metals) is regarded as being a relatively less toxic element for humans and higher organisms, but it exerts a strong inhibitory effect on bacterial activity (Paulsson et al. 2000). Most studies on the effect of Zn on bacteria have been carried out in freshwater environments (Nweke et al. 2006, Vega-López et al. 2007; the results have shown a strong suppression of bacterial growth at low concentrations (> 0.1 μg Zn l -1 ), which is about an order of magnitude lower than the effective level on phytoplankton (Paulsson et al. 2000). Although there have been just a few studies on the effects of Zn on marine bacterial communities (Ku$pilić et al. 1989, Caroppo et al. 2006, RochelleNewall et al. 2008, these studies, too, have suggested that the activity of marine bacteria is also inhibited by the addition of Zn at 1 to 100 μg Zn l -1 . However, the impact on marine bacteria might be a little weak ...

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Impact of heavy metals and PCBs on marine picoplankton

Cited by 27 publications

References 71 publications

Combined toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals to biochemical and antioxidant responses of free and immobilized Selenastrum capricornutum

Combined toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals to biochemical and antioxidant responses of free and immobilized Selenastrum capricornutum

Identifying Toxic Impacts of Metals Potentially Released during Deep-Sea Mining—A Synthesis of the Challenges to Quantifying Risk

Inhibitory effect of zinc on the remineralisation of dissolved organic matter in the coastal environment

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