Impact of Heat Stress on Agro-Morphometric and Fiberrelated Traits in Indigenous Upland Cotton Genotypes Under Semi-Arid Conditions

Abstract

To understand the impact of heat stress on agro-morphological and fiber quality-related traits in cotton, nine locally developed cotton genotypes were grown under heat stress conditions (Late sowing) at the cotton research station, Bahawalpur. Genotypes were laid-out under randomized complete block design (RCBD) in triplicates, where plant to plant and bed to bed distance was maintained as 30 cm and 75 cm, respectively. Data was collected from selected, guarded plants for agronomic as well as fiber quality-related traits. The resultsunveiled the presence of significant variations for studied traits under high temperature conditions. The correlation analysis revealed the significant association of seed cotton yield with plant population (0.403**), monopodial branches per plant (0.267**), fiber strength (0.070*), CLCuV incidence percentage (-0.475**), fiber length (-0.447**), nodes per plant (-0.186*), sympodial branches per plant (-0.186*), and fiber fineness (-0.077*). The multivariate approaches i.e., Principal component, biplot, and cluster analysis classify and characterize cotton genotypes on the basis of their heat tolerance capacity. Moreover, these multivariate analyses showed that BH-377, BH-272, and BH-283 were the most heat tolerant genotypes while BH-283 and BH-284 showed comparatively good CLCuV tolerance. Therefore, these genotypes should be recommended for sowing in heat and CLCuV effected areas of Pakistan after their large-scale, multilocation testing.

Genetic Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Elite Cotton Strains for Morphological and Physio-Chemical Traits Under Heat Stress Conditions

“…Moreover, variations among cotton strains for these parameters were non-significant in replications except for plant height, which showed highly significant diversity among cotton strains with respect to plant height. Similar findings were also reported by Aslam et al, 2022;Hussain et al, 2023a;Hussain et al, 2023b andYousaf et al, 2023 who revealed significant variations among cotton genotypes for similar/same traits under heat stress conditions. The correlation coefficient analysis was executed to understand the magnitude and direction of association between studied plant traits in upland cotton strains under heat stress conditions (Table 4).…”

Role of Antioxidents Accumulation and Photosynthetic Stability for Sustainable Cotton Production and Fibre Quality Under Water Stress Conditions

“…the analysis is applied by several scientists and found helpful in categorize crop genotypes based on their divergence, performance, and performance under specified environments. Several researchers used principal component and PC1/PC2 biplot analysis in categorising cotton genotypes under different circumstances and found it very useful in classifying the genotypes based on their performance , Aslam et al, 2022Zafar et al, 2022and Zafar et al, 2021.…”

“…The data for several plant traits, including plant populations per hectare (P. Pop), plant height (PH), nodes per plant (NP), monopods per plant (MP), sympods per plant (SP), bolls per plant (BP), CLCuV incidence percentage (CLCuV), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), flavonoid (Flv), peroxidases (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ginning out turn (GOT), staple length (SL), fiber strength (FS) and seed cotton yield (SCY). Moreover, the CLCuV incidence percentage (CLCuV) was determined according to the formula used by Aslam et al (2022).…”

“…The highest yield and drought tolerance revealed by the group genotypes was associated with the good average performance of its yield-related traits i.e., plant height (138.4), nodes per plant (28.38), monopodia per plant (1.433), sympodia per plant (23.6), net photosynthetic rate (25.48), transpiration rate (0.473), flavonoids (754.2), peroxidases (855.9) and superoxide dismutase (161.3) and ginning out turn (38.56) (Table 5). Several researchers used cluster analysis in categorizing cotton genotypes under different circumstances and found it very useful in classifying the genotypes based on their performance (Aslam et al, 2022;Zafar et al, 2022 andManan et al, 2022;Hussain et al, 2023. The current study used PCA-based biplot analysis to classify the cotton strains under water stress conditions.…”

Current Situation and Prospects of Cotton Production in Pakistan

“…Insect pests, a scarcity of high-quality seeds, cotton diseases such as cotton leaf curl disease, heat and drought stress, labor-intensive harvesting, fluctuating cotton prices, and shifting cropping patterns are the most significant problems in the cotton zone. This review examines the current condition of production, cotton-based breeding techniques, germplasm development, mechanization, and significant production limits (Aslam et al, 2022;Fatima et al, 2022ab;Malik & Ahsan, 2016).…”