Impact of heat stress on milk production, immunity and udder health in sheep: A critical review

Sevi, A.; Caroprese, Mariangela

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.07.012

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Of the three seasons in the zone, the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons have been described as thermally stressful to livestock (Aluwong et al 2017). Environmental parameters that adversely affect livestock performance and health are ambient temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH), thermal radiation, and air speed (Sevi and Caroprese 2012). In the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, animals are exposed to extreme thermal environmental Physiological Reports ISSN 2051-817X conditions of high ambient temperature (AT) and high relative humidity (RH), leading to heat stress (Sejian et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of season on diurnal rhythms of heart (HR) and respiratory rates (RespR) in the adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the cold‐dry and hot‐dry seasons under natural light/dark cycle. The resting HR and RespR were recorded bihourly for 24 consecutive hours from 06:00 to 06:00 h (GMT +1) in 30, clinically healthy donkeys (10 adults,10 yearlings, and 10 foals). Dry‐bulb temperature (DBT), relative humidity (RH), temperature‐humidity index (THI) and wet‐bulb globe temperature index (WBGT) inside the pen were recorded bihourly from 06:00 to 06:00 h. Values of DBT, THI, and WBGT obtained during the hot‐dry season were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than corresponding values recorded during the cold‐dry season. Application of single‐cosinor procedure showed that HR and RespR exhibited daily rhythmicity in both seasons. The mesors of the HR in adult (41.51 ± 0.34 beats/min [bpm]), yearling (40.80 ± 0.43 bpm), and foal (47.55 ± 0.40 bpm) donkeys during the cold‐dry season were significantly (P < 0.01) lower, compared to the corresponding values of 48.4 ± 0.40 bpm, 50.42 ± 0.52 bpm and 58.10 ± 0.50 bpm, respectively during the hot‐dry season. The mesors of RespR in adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the hot‐dry season were higher (P < 0.05), when compared to the corresponding values recorded in the cold‐dry season. The HR and RespR of foals were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the adult and yearling donkeys. Amplitudes of HR and RespR were higher during the hot‐dry season than the cold‐dry season. In conclusion, seasonal changes affect diurnal rhythmicity of HR and RespR of adult, yearling, and foal donkeys during the cold‐dry and hot‐dry seasons. The HR and RespR of donkeys vary with age, with higher values in the foals than the adult and yearling donkeys in both seasons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

et al. 2018

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“…Sheep is thus an interesting biological material to study the genetic basis of thermo-tolerance. There is some literature about heat stress effects over physiological and productive traits in cattle [4], [5], [6] and sheep [7], [8], [9], [10]. Also, at the molecular level, genes involved in the heat stress response have been described [11], [12], [13], [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine HSP90AA1 Expression Rate Is Affected by Several SNPs at the Promoter under Both Basal and Heat Stress Conditions

et al. 2013

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The aim of this work was to investigate the association between polymorphisms located at the HSP90AA1 ovine gene promoter and gene expression rate under different environmental conditions, using a mixed model approach. Blood samples from 120 unrelated rams of the Manchega sheep breed were collected at three time points differing in environmental conditions. Rams were selected on the basis of their genotype for the transversion G/C located 660 base pairs upstream the gene transcription initiation site. Animals were also genotyped for another set of 6 SNPs located at the gene promoter. Two SNPs, G/C−660 and A/G−444, were associated with gene overexpression resulting from heat stress. The composed genotype CC−660-AG−444 was the genotype having the highest expression rates with fold changes ranging from 2.2 to 3.0. The genotype AG−522 showed the highest expression levels under control conditions with a fold change of 1.4. Under these conditions, the composed genotype CC−601-TT−524-AG−522-TT−468 is expected to be correlated with higher basal expression of the gene according to genotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium values. Some putative transcription factors were predicted for binding sites where the SNPs considered are located. Since the expression rate of the gene under alternative environmental conditions seems to depend on the composed genotype of several SNPs located at its promoter, a cooperative regulation of the transcription of the HSP90AA1 gene could be hypothesized. Nevertheless epigenetic regulation mechanisms cannot be discarded.

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“…The global average of the carbon footprint for milk production for small ruminants is more than double than large ruminants. Sheep milk from animals exposed to high temperatures resulted in higher neutrophil counts and also an increase of lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes (Sevi and Caroprese, 2012). High ambient temperature may also result in plasma mineral imbalance, due to a reduction in Na, K, Ca, and P and increase in Cl concentrations (Caroprese et al, 2012).…”

Section: Milk Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of phenotypic and genetic basis of livestock selection for climate change adaptation and mitigation: A review

Tesema¹,

Ayichew²

2019

jaar

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Livestock are not only suffering from climate change, but also contribute to climate change through the direct and indirect release of greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O and CO2). Characterization, identification and conservation of heat tolerant livestock breeds are basics for future challenging climate. Properties of the skin, hair, coat color, coat type, sweating, respiration capacity, tissue insulation, surface area relative to body weight, endocrinological profiles and metabolic heat production are important factors involved for heat tolerance. Selection based on these phenotypic characteristics is play indispensible for climate change adaptation and mitigation. Molecular information is used to know the candidate gene for heat tolerance, their action, specific function and location on chromosomes thereby important for modification of gene and selection of heat tolerant breed and feed efficient animals. Genomic information also used to identify genes that regulated during a stressful event can lead to the identification of animals that are genetically superior for coping with stress. Marker assisted selection and proteomics may also be valuable in selection for secondary traits linked to adaptation, such as the genes for high levels of blood urea and ruminal ammonia in certain genotypes, associated with adaptation to low-quality C4 grasses. Scientific research results demonstrated that heat tolerance is heritable trait and variable between/within livestock breeds, thereby variation and heritability of the trait opens the window for selection of heat tolerant animals. Therefore, the combined genomic selection using genome wide DNA markers that predict tolerance to heat stress and phenotypic selection could be accelerated breeding of highly productive and heat tolerant livestock breeds. Further research should be conducted on characterization, identification of indigenous breeds at molecular level and on identification of responsible genes/genomic regions associated with thermoregulation, feed and production efficiency in order to develop suitable adaptive and mitigation strategies to counter environmental stresses.

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Impact of heat stress on milk production, immunity and udder health in sheep: A critical review

Cited by 76 publications

References 53 publications

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

Diurnal rhythms of heart and respiratory rates in donkeys of different age groups during the cold-dry and hot-dry seasons in a tropical savannah

Ovine HSP90AA1 Expression Rate Is Affected by Several SNPs at the Promoter under Both Basal and Heat Stress Conditions

The role of phenotypic and genetic basis of livestock selection for climate change adaptation and mitigation: A review

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