Impact of healthy diet and physical activity on metabolic health in men and women

Abstract

Introduction: Healthy dietary patterns and physical activity (PA) represent important lifestyle behaviors with considerable potential to influence on age-related metabolic health. Yet, data on the combined effects of these lifestyle behaviors on metabolic health including low-grade systemic inflammation in aging populations remain scarce. Therefore, this protocol describes a randomized controlled trial aiming to examine the impacts of healthy dietary patterns alone or combined with PA on metabolic health in middleaged and older men and women.Material and Methods: The ORUDIET study is a 3-arm randomized controlled 16-week trial: Healthy Diet (HD), Healthy diet plus PA (HD-PA), and control (CON). The trial is open label, randomized with allocation concealment, parallel groups with passive controls. Participants without overt disease aged between 55 and 70 years, with BMI below 35, a current intake of a maximum of 1 serving of fruit and vegetable per day, and noncompliance to PA guidelines are eligible for inclusion. Participants in HD are instructed to increase fruit and vegetable intake to 5 servings per day (equivalent to 500 g). Participants in HD-PA receive the same dietary intervention as the HD and are additionally instructed to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities for at least 150 minutes per week. The primary study outcomes are changes in metabolic and inflammatory health biomarkers. Secondary outcomes are changes in body composition and perceived health.Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol has been approved by the ethical review board in Uppsala, Sweden. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated in national and international conferences. Trial registration number: NCT04062682 Pre-results Abbreviations: BMI = Body mass index, CON = control group, CRP = C-reactive protein, HD = Healthy diet group, HDL-cholesterol = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HD-PA = Healthy diet plus physical activity group, IL = Interleukin, MCP-1 = Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MetS = Metabolic syndrome, MIP-1a = Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, MVPA = Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, PA = Physical activity, RCT = Randomized controlled trial, TNF-a = Tumor necrosis factoralpha.

The interactive relationship of dietary choline and betaine with physical activity on circulating creatine kinase (CK), metabolic and glycemic markers, and anthropometric characteristics in physically active young individuals

“…P values of interaction are obtained from ANCOVA model after adjustment for the confounding effects of age, sex, BMI and calorie intake. *P Significant at P < .05; 95th confidence intervals of the difference in parentheses [47,48]. In the present study, all these confounders were adjusted for in all analyses.…”

“…In population-based studies, in order to obtain more reliable results, it is essential to recognize and control the most important confounding factors. The factors that influence anthropometric and biochemical markers as confounding factors include age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, and energy intake [ 47 , 48 ]. In the present study, all these confounders were adjusted for in all analyses.…”

A flexitáriánus, vegetáriánus és vegán étrendek összehasonlító elemzése

“…Az egészséges táplálkozás nagyban hozzájárul az egészséges életmódhoz és a betegségek megelőzéséhez [1,2,3]. Ezért számos egészséges táplálkozásra vonatkozó ajánlást fogalmaztak meg a táplálkozástudományi szakemberek hazai és nemzetközi szinteken.…”

Comparative Analysis of Flexitarian, Vegetarian and Vegan Diets

“…Healthy eating contributes greatly to a healthy lifestyle and disease prevention [1,2,3]. Several recommendations for healthy eating have now been described by nutritionists.…”