Impact of half-sib family recurrent selection on grain yield in maize population ZM-309

Abstract

Impact of half-sib family recurrent selection on grain yield in maize population ZM-309. AbstractThe prime objectives of maize breeding programs are to bring improvement in grain yield of maize. Recurrent selection is an important breeding technique for bringing desirable improvement in maize populations. The main objective of this investigation was to estimate genetic variability, heritability, selection differential, selection response and percent gain per cycle for various traits and also to assess the impact of half-sib family recurrent selection on grain yield in maize population ZM-309. Sixty-four half-sib families recurrently selected, and obtained from CIMMYT sourced maize population ZM-309, were tested in 8 x 8 partially balanced lattice square design in two replications at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak, Nowshera during 2018. Data were recorded on days to mid tasseling, plant height, ear height, ear length, grains rows per ear, hundred kernels weight and grain yield. Significant differences were observed among half-sib families for all the parameters. For days to 50% tasseling high heritability (0.83) was recorded, while the lowest heritability (50%) was recorded for grain rows per ear. The response to selection was negative for days to tasseling (-2.44). Anthesis silking interval expressed highest genotypic covariance (56.44) while the lowest genotypic covariance was recorded for plant height (3.24). Highest percent gain per cycle was recorded for ear height (4.21%) and plant height (5.31%), while lowest percent gain per cycle was recorded for days to tasselling. Highest selection differential was observed for grain yield (3.8%). After the completion of this experiment, it was deduced that enhancement in grain yield through half-sib family recurrent selection is useful and maize population ZM-309 can be exploited for further betterment through half-sib family recurrent selection.

Cyclical response of maize populations versus base population and standard genotypes across environments

“…Los genotipos revelaron una mayor variabilidad genética entre los lugares y las fechas de siembra, las cuales pueden ser utilizadas para identificar y mejorar las poblaciones cíclicas de maíz. Se registraron variaciones significativas entre las poblaciones seleccionadas de maíz S 1 para la longitud de la planta, mazorcas por planta, hileras de grano por mazorca, peso de mil granos y rendimiento de grano (Sohail et al, 2018;Sheikh et al, 2019 optimum planting at CCRI) (table 3). The improved population -C 2 with delayed planting at UAP (73.33 days) and CCRI (73.67 days), check genotype Jalal with delayed planting at UAP (73.67 days), population -C 1 with delayed planting at CCRI (74.67 days) and UAP (75.33 days) revealed the lesser and same number of days to silking.…”

“…Genotypes revealed greater genetic variability across the sites and planting dates, which can be utilized for identification and improving the maize cyclical populations. Significant variations were recorded among the selected maize S 1 populations for cob length, cobs per plant, grain rows per cob, thousand kernels weight and grain yield (Sohail et al, 2018;Sheikh et al, 2019). Genotype x environment relationships revealed significant variations for flowering and yield variables which authenticated that maize populations could not sustain uniform phenotypic behaviour over diverse envi ronments (Sajjad et al, 2020a, b).…”

“…Recurrent selection had been found as an efficient breeding procedure in maintaining genetic variability and improving breeding material. Being a cyclical process, recurrent selection comprising three major steps; family origination, appraisal, and combination of families (Guimaraes et al, 2018;Sheikh et al, 2019). In recurrent selection, improved populations S 1 and S 2 are believed to be more capable for further improvement (Ayiga-Aluba et al, 2015), and the enviable genes are rapidly organized while adverse factors are purged during early selection in maize (Ali et al, 2018;Sajjad et al, 2020a, b).…”

“…La selección recurrente se ha encontrado como un procedimiento de mejoramiento eficaz para mantener la variabilidad genética y mejorar el material de reproducción. Siendo un proceso cíclico, la selección recurrente comprende tres pasos principales: origen de la familia, valoración y combinación de familias (Guimaraes et al, 2018;Sheikh et al, 2019). En la selección recurrente, se cree que las poblaciones mejoradas S 1 y S 2 son más capaces de seguir mejorando (Ayiga-Aluba et al, 2015), y los genes deseables son rápidamente organizados, mientras los factores adversos son purgados durante la selección temprana en el maíz Sajjad et al, 2020a, b).…”

Five cycles of intrapopulation recurrent selection in half-sib progenies of fresh corn

“…Therefore, the recurrent selection method is a viable option by selecting the best progenies over several cycles to obtain successive gains in each cycle without depleting the genetic variability of the population (HALLAUER; CARENA; MIRANDA FILHO, 2010). Intrapopulation recurrent selection in corn half-sib progenies is among the strategies used for this purpose, due to its easy conduction, applicability, and high efficiency in obtaining genetic gains, as found for grain corn (SHEIKH et al, 2019), which includes works focused on resistance to corn weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) (LÓPEZ-CASTILLO et al, 2018), popcorn (GUIMARÃES et al, 2019, and fresh corn (RESENDE et al, 2021). In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the progress of five cycles of intrapopulation recurrent selection in half-sib progenies of fresh corn grown in the southwest region of Goiás.…”